ThinkPHP3.2.3版本数据库驱动采用PDO完全重写,配置和使用上面也比之前版本更加灵活和强大,我们来了解下如何使用。
首先,3.2.3的数据库配置信息有所调整,完整的数据库设置包括:
代码如下:
/* 数据库设置 */
'DB_TYPE' => '', // 数据库类型
'DB_HOST' => '', // 服务器地址
'DB_NAME' => '', // 数据库名
'DB_USER' => '', // 用户名
'DB_PWD' => '', // 密码
'DB_PORT' => '', // 端口
'DB_PREFIX' => '', // 数据库表前缀
'DB_PARAMS' => array(), // 数据库连接参数
'DB_DEBUG' => TRUE, // 数据库调试模式 开启后可以记录SQL日志
'DB_LITE' => false, // 使用数据库Lite模式
'DB_FIELDS_CACHE' => true, // 启用字段缓存
'DB_CHARSET' => 'utf8', // 数据库编码默认采用utf8
'DB_DEPLOY_TYPE' => 0, // 数据库部署方式:0 集中式(单一服务器),1 分布式(主从服务器)
'DB_RW_SEPARATE' => false, // 数据库读写是否分离 主从式有效
'DB_MASTER_NUM' => 1, // 读写分离后 主服务器数量
'DB_SLAVE_NO' => '', // 指定从服务器序号
相对3.2.2版本来说,取消了如下设置参数:
代码如下:
'DB_FIELDTYPE_CHECK' // 3.2.3强制进行字段类型检测了
'DB_SQL_BUILD_CACHE' // 3.2.3取消了SQL创建缓存
'DB_SQL_BUILD_QUEUE' // 3.2.3取消了SQL创建缓存
'DB_SQL_BUILD_LENGTH' // 3.2.3取消了SQL创建缓存
'DB_SQL_LOG' // 由新增的DB_DEBUG参数取代
'DB_BIND_PARAM' // 新版采用PDO 自动参数绑定 无需设置
新增的数据库设置参数包括:
代码如下:
'DB_DEBUG' //用于开启数据库调试模式,开启后即可记录SQL日志
'DB_LITE' // 是否采用数据库Lite模式连接 开启后只能使用原生SQL查询
3.2.2版本数据库的调试模式和项目的调试模式(由APP_DEBUG常量定义)是绑定的 ,3.2.3版本开始数据库的调试模式是独立设置(由DB_DEBUG参数设置)的。
DB_TYPE参数为数据库类型设置,目前支持的驱动包括mysql/sqlite/oracle/pgsql/sqlsrv/firebird(其他的数据库类型需要增加驱动),设置如下:
'DB_TYPE'=>'mysql', // 不再支持设置为PDO 也不再区分mysql和mysqli
复制代码
数据库的连接信息,主要包括下面参数:
代码如下:
'DB_HOST' => '', // 服务器地址 采用IP地址
'DB_NAME' => '', // 数据库名
'DB_USER' => '', // 用户名
'DB_PWD' => '', // 密码
'DB_PORT' => '', // 端口 留空则取默认端口
'DB_CHARSET' => '', // 数据库编码
以上设置参数会在实例化PDO的时候自动转换为PDO的连接参数传入。
DB_DSN参数一般无需设置,系统的数据库驱动会进行默认设置,如果需要调整,请遵循PDO的相关数据库连接的DSN设置进行设置。
DB_PARAMS用于设置数据库的连接参数,会传入PDO实例化的第四个参数。
下面是一个典型的数据库全局设置:
代码如下:
'DB_TYPE' => 'mysql', // 数据库类型
'DB_HOST' => '192.168.1.10', // 服务器地址
'DB_NAME' => 'thinkphp', // 数据库名
'DB_USER' => 'root', // 用户名
'DB_PWD' => '1234', // 密码
'DB_PORT' => '3306', // 端口
'DB_PREFIX' => 'think_', // 数据库表前缀
'DB_CHARSET' => 'utf8', // 数据库编码
'DB_DEBUG' => TRUE, // 数据库调试模式 开启后可以记录SQL日志
如果在模型类中设置单独的数据库连接信息connection属性,可以使用下面的数组或者字符串方式:
代码如下:
//在模型里单独设置数据库连接信息
namespace Home\Model;
use Think\Model;
class UserModel extends Model{
// 采用数组方式定义
protected $connection = array(
'db_type' => 'mysql',
'db_user' => 'root',
'db_pwd' => '1234',
'db_host' => '192.168.1.10',
'db_port' => '3306',
'db_name' => 'thinkphp',
'db_charset' => 'utf8',
);
}
注意:在模型中设置的数据库连接设置参数采用全局配置的小写名。
或者采用字符串方式定义,格式为:
数据库类型://用户名:密码@数据库地址:数据库端口/数据库名#字符集
例如:
代码如下:
//在模型里单独设置数据库连接信息
namespace Home\Model;
use Think\Model;
class UserModel extends Model{
// 使用字符串方式定义
protected $connection = 'mysql://root:1234@192.168.1.10:3306/thinkphp#utf8';
}
也可以通过配置文件设置,例如:
代码如下:
//数据库配置1
'DB_CONFIG1' => array(
'db_type' => 'mysql',
'db_user' => 'root',
'db_pwd' => '1234',
'db_host' => '192.168.1.10',
'db_port' => '3306',
'db_name' => 'thinkphp',
'db_charset'=> 'utf8',
),
//数据库配置2
'DB_CONFIG2' => 'mysql://root:1234@192.168.1.10:3306/thinkphp#utf8';
然后在模型里面定义:
代码如下:
//在模型里单独设置数据库连接信息
namespace Home\Model;
use Think\Model;
class UserModel extends Model{
//调用配置文件中的数据库配置1
protected $connection = 'DB_CONFIG1';
// 或者
protected $connection = 'DB_CONFIG2';
}
除了在模型定义的时候指定数据库连接信息外,我们还可以在实例化的时候指定数据库连接信息,如果采用的是M方法实例化模型的话,也可以支持传入不同的数据库连接信息,例如:
代码如下:
$User = M('User','other_','mysql://root:1234@192.168.1.10/demo#utf8');
表示实例化User模型,连接的是demo数据库的other_user表,采用的连接信息是第三个参数配置的。
如果我们在项目配置文件中已经配置了DB_CONFIG2的话,也可以采用:
$User = M('User','other_','DB_CONFIG2');
以上就是本文的全部内容了,希望大家能够喜欢。

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