Object storage golang implementation

As the amount of data continues to grow, traditional file storage methods are becoming increasingly difficult to meet demand. As a new storage method, object storage has the advantages of high scalability, high reliability, and high concurrency, and has become one of the currently popular storage forms. This article will introduce how to implement object storage in Golang.

1. Understand object storage

Object storage is a storage method based on cloud storage. It stores data in the form of objects. Each object contains a unique identifier, data and metadata. Unlike traditional file storage methods, object storage can achieve infinite expansion and can use multiple nodes for backup to ensure high data reliability. Object storage is usually used in scenarios such as large-scale data storage and massive file management.

2. Architecture design

The first task to implement object storage is to design the system architecture, including data storage, metadata storage, data backup, etc. The following is a simple object storage architecture:

In the above figure, the uploaded object will be stored on the data node and recorded on the metadata node for Perform index and object retrieval. Storage nodes will be backed up regularly to ensure data reliability.

3. Code implementation

3.1 Installation dependencies

Before developing Golang object storage, you need to install the following dependent libraries:

go get github.com/minio/minio-go
go get github.com/joho/godotenv

• minio- go: An open source Golang S3 client library.
• godotenv: used to read environment variables.

3.2 Initialization configuration

Use godotenv in the code to read environment variables, including stored accessKey, secretKey, bucket and other information.

err := godotenv.Load()
if err != nil {
  log.Fatal("Error loading .env file")
}

accessKey := os.Getenv("ACCESS_KEY")
secretKey := os.Getenv("SECRET_KEY")
endpoint := os.Getenv("END_POINT")
bucket := os.Getenv("BUCKET_NAME")
location := os.Getenv("LOCATION")

3.3 Connect to the object storage service

Use minio-go to connect to the object storage service. The specific code is as follows:

minioClient, err := minio.New(endpoint, accessKey, secretKey, false)

if err != nil {
  log.Fatalln(err)
}

if err = minioClient.MakeBucket(bucket, location); err != nil {
  exists, errBucketExists := minioClient.BucketExists(bucket)

  if errBucketExists == nil && exists {
    log.Printf("We already own %s
", bucket)
  } else {
    log.Fatalln(err)
  }
} else {
  log.Printf("Successfully created %s
", bucket)
}

log.Printf("Successfully connected to %s
", endpoint)

In the above code, use the MakeBucket function to create the bucket ( bucket), skip creation if the bucket already exists. If the connection is successful, the log "Successfully connected to xxx" will be output.

3.4 Upload object

After successfully connecting to the object storage service, you can use the following code to upload the object:

filePath := "/path/to/file.jpg"
objectName := "file.jpg"

contentType := "application/octet-stream"

// Open the file for use
file, err := os.Open(filePath)
if err != nil {
  log.Fatalln(err)
}
defer file.Close()

// Get file size and read the file content into a buffer
fileInfo, _ := file.Stat()
var size int64 = fileInfo.Size()
buffer := make([]byte, size)
file.Read(buffer)

// Upload the file to S3 with FPutObject
n, err := minioClient.PutObject(bucket, objectName, bytes.NewReader(buffer), size, minio.PutObjectOptions{ContentType: contentType})
if err != nil {
  log.Fatalln(err)
}

log.Printf("Successfully uploaded %s with size %d
", objectName, n)

When uploading an object, you need to provide the object name, object relative Information such as the path and its content type, use the PutObject function in the code to upload the object. After the upload is successful, the log information "Successfully uploaded xxx" is output.

3.5 Download objects

Use the following code to download files from object storage and save them locally:

filePath := "/path/to/file.jpg"
objectName := "file.jpg"

err = minioClient.FGetObject(bucket, objectName, filePath, minio.GetObjectOptions{})
if err != nil {
  log.Fatalln(err)
}

log.Printf("Successfully downloaded %s from %s
", objectName, bucket)

Among them, the FGetObject function is used to download from the object storage service After the file is successfully downloaded, the log information "Successfully downloaded xxx" is output.

4. Summary

This article introduces the relevant knowledge of object storage, and uses minio-go and godotenv dependency libraries to implement the upload and download of object storage. By studying this article, readers can have a preliminary understanding of the implementation principles and application scenarios of object storage and how to implement object storage in Golang. This is just a simple implementation, and readers can write a more complete object storage system according to specific needs.

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