Home  >  Article  >  Operation and Maintenance  >  How to analyze UDP protocol

How to analyze UDP protocol

WBOY
WBOYforward
2023-05-12 14:49:121340browse

一、套接字(socket)

    套接字socket: ip地址 + port端口号。在TCP/IP协议中,它唯一标识网络通讯中的一个进程。套接字用来描述网络连接的 一对一关系。

    TCP/IP协议规定,网络数据流应采用 大端字节序,即 (内存)低地址高字节(数据)。

二、UDP_SOCKET 相关

    UDP 协议  ----  用户数据报协议(面向非连接)   ---  SOCK_DGRAM 

    h表示host,n表示network,l表示32位长整数,s表示16位短整数。

    IPv4地址格式定义在netinet/in.h中,IPv4地址: sockaddr_in结构体,包括16位端口号和32位IP地址

struct sockaddr_in
 {
    uint8_t sin_len;
    sa_family_t sin_family;
    in_port_t sin_port;
    struct in_addr sin_addr;
    char sin_zero[8];
};

三、UDP socket 实例:

//udp_server.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<errno.h>


void usage(const char *proc)
{
	printf("%s:[ip][port]\n",proc);
}

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
	if(argc != 3)
	{
		usage(argv[0]);
		return 1;
	}
	char *_ip=argv[1];
	int _port=atoi(argv[2]);
	int sock=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
	if(sock < 0)
	{
		perror("socket");
		exit(1);
	}

	struct sockaddr_in local;
	local.sin_family=AF_INET;
	local.sin_port=htons(_port);
	local.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(_ip);
	if(bind(sock,(struct sockaddr*)&local,sizeof(local)) < 0)
	{
		perror("bind");
		exit(2);
	}
	int done=0;
	char buf[1024];
	struct sockaddr_in client;
	socklen_t len=sizeof(client);
	while(!done)
	{
		ssize_t _size=recvfrom(sock,buf,sizeof(buf)-1,0,(struct sockaddr*)&client,&len);
		if(_size > 0)
		{
			buf[_size]=&#39;\0&#39;;
			printf("[%s : %d]: %s\n",inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr),ntohs(client.sin_port),buf);
		}
		else if(_size == 0)
		{
			printf("client close...\n");
		}
		else
		{}
	}
	return 0;
}

//udp_client.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<errno.h>


void usage(const char *proc)
{
	printf("%s:[ip][port]\n",proc);
}

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
	if(argc != 3)
	{
		usage(argv[0]);
		return 1;
	}
	char *_ip=argv[1];
	int _port=atoi(argv[2]);
	int sock=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
	if(sock < 0)
	{
		perror("socket");
		exit(1);
	}

	struct sockaddr_in local;
	local.sin_family=AF_INET;
	local.sin_port=htons(_port);
	local.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(_ip);
	if(bind(sock,(struct sockaddr*)&local,sizeof(local)) < 0)
	{
		perror("bind");
		exit(2);
	}
	int done=0;
	char buf[1024];
	struct sockaddr_in client;
	socklen_t len=sizeof(client);
	while(!done)
	{
		ssize_t _size=recvfrom(sock,buf,sizeof(buf)-1,0,(struct sockaddr*)&client,&len);
		if(_size > 0)
		{
			buf[_size]=&#39;\0&#39;;
			printf("[%s : %d]: %s\n",inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr),ntohs(client.sin_port),buf);
		}
		else if(_size == 0)
		{
			printf("client close...\n");
		}
		else
		{}
	}
	return 0;
}

运行结果:

How to analyze UDP protocol

The above is the detailed content of How to analyze UDP protocol. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement:
This article is reproduced at:yisu.com. If there is any infringement, please contact admin@php.cn delete