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How to implement a simple student information management system in python
- WBOYforward
- 2023-05-12 09:43:051440browse
1. System functions
1. Enter student information
2. Search student information
3. Modify student information
4. Delete students Information
5. Grade sorting
6. Statistics of the total number of students
7. Display all student information
0. Exit the system
2. System development environment
1. Operating system: win7
2. Development tools: PyCharm
3. Python built-in modules: os,re
3. Implementation code
import os
filename='students.txt'
def main():
while True:
menum()
choice=int(input('请选择功能：'))
if choice in [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]:
if choice==0:
answer=input('您确定要退出系统吗？(y/n)')
if answer=='y' or answer=='Y':
print('感谢您的使用！')
break #退出while循环并退出系统
else:
continue
elif choice == 1:
insert() #录入学生信息
elif choice == 2:
search() #查找学生信息
elif choice == 3:
delete() #删除学生信息
elif choice == 4:
modify() #修改学生信息
elif choice == 5:
sort() #成绩排序
elif choice == 6:
total() #统计学生总人数
elif choice == 7:
show() #显示所有学生信息
def insert():
student_list=[] #用于存储学生信息，列表每个元素是字典。
while True:
id=input('请输入学生ID：')
if not id:
break
name=input('请输入学生姓名：')
if not name:
break
try:
Englist=int(input('请输入英语成绩：'))
Python=int(input('请输入Python成绩：'))
Java=int(input('请输入Java成绩：'))
except:
print('输入无效，不是整数类型，请重新输入！')
continue
#将录入的学生信息保存到字典中
student={'id':id,'name':name,'English':Englist,'Python':Python,'Java':Java}
#将学生信息添加到列表中
student_list.append(student)
answer=input('是否继续添加？(y/n)')
if answer=='y' or answer=='Y':
continue
else:
break
#将学生信息保存在文件中
save(student_list)
print('学生信息录入完毕！')
pass
def search():
student_query=[] #用列表存储，防止有同名学生。
while True:
id=''
name=''
if os.path.exists(filename):
mode=input('按ID查找请输入1，按姓名查找请输入2：')
if mode == '1':
id=input('请输入要查找的学生ID：')
elif mode == '2':
name=input('请输入要查找的学生姓名：')
else:
print('您的输入有误，请重新输入！')
search()
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
student=rfile.readlines()
for item in student:
d=dict(eval(item))
if id!='':
if d['id']==id:
student_query.append(d)
elif name!='':
if d['name']==name:
student_query.append(d)
#显示查询结果
show_student(student_query)
student_query.clear() #清空列表
answer=input('是否要继续查询？(y/n)')
if answer=='y' or answer=='Y':
continue
else:
break
else:
print('暂未保存学生信息。')
return
pass
def delete():
while True:
student_id=input('请输入要删除的学生ID：')
if student_id != '':
if os.path.exists(filename): #判断文件是否存在
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as file:
student_old=file.readlines() #读取所有学生信息并保存在列表中
else:
student_old=[]
flag=False #用于标记是否删除
if student_old:
with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
d={}
for item in student_old: #遍历学生信息列表
d=dict(eval(item)) #将字符串转成字典
if d['id']!=student_id:
wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
else:
flag=True
if flag:
print(f'id为{student_id}的学生信息已被删除')
else:
print(f'没有找到ID为{student_id}的学生信息')
else:
print('无此学生信息')
break
show() #删完之后重新显示所有学生信息
answer=input('是否继续删除?(y/n)')
if answer=='y' or answer=='Y':
continue
else:
break
pass
def modify():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename): #判断文件是否存在
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
student_old=rfile.readlines()
else:
return #结束函数
student_id=input('请输入要修改信息的学生ID：')
with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
for item in student_old:
d=dict(eval(item))
if d['id']==student_id:
print('找到此学生信息，可以修改。')
while True:
try:
d['name']=input('请输入学生姓名：')
d['English']=input('请输入English成绩：')
d['Python']=input('请输入Python成绩：')
d['Java']=input('请输入Java成绩:')
except:
print('您的输入有误请重新输入！')
else:
break
wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
print('修改成功！')
else:
wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
answer=input('是否继续修改其他学生信息？(y/n)')
if answer=='y':
modify()
pass
def sort():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
student_list=rfile.readlines()
student_new=[]
for item in student_list:
d=dict(eval(item))
student_new.append(d)
else:
return
asc_or_desc=input('请选择(0：升序，1：降序)：')
if asc_or_desc=='0':
asc_or_desc_bool=False
elif asc_or_desc=='1':
asc_or_desc_bool=True
else:
print('您的输入有误，请重新输入！')
sort()
mode=input('请选择排序方式(0：按总成绩排序，1：按English成绩排序，2：按Python成绩排序，3：按Java成绩排序)')
if mode=='0':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['English'])+int(x['Python'])+int(x['Java']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=='1':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['English']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=='2':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['Python']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=='3':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['Java']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
else:
print('您的输入有误，请重新输入！')
sort()
show_student(student_new)
pass
def total():
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
students=rfile.readlines()
if students:
print(f'一共有{len(students)}名学生')
else:
print('还没有录入学生信息！')
else:
print('暂未保存学生信息......')
pass
def show():
student_lst=[]
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
students=rfile.readlines()
for item in students:
student_lst.append(eval(item))
if student_lst:
show_student(student_lst)
else:
print('暂未保存过数据！')
pass
def save(stu_list):
try:
stu_txt=open(filename,'a',encoding='utf=8')
except:
stu_txt=open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8')
for item in stu_list:
stu_txt.write(str(item)+'\n')
stu_txt.close()
def show_student(lst):
if len(lst)==0:
print('没有查到学生信息，无数据显示！')
return
#定义标题显示格式
format_title='{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
print(format_title.format('ID','姓名','English成绩','Python成绩','Java成绩','总成绩'))
#定义内容显示格式
format_data='{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^10}\t{:^18}\t{:^14}\t{:^8}'
for item in lst:
print(format_data.format(item.get('id'),item.get('name'),item.get('English'),item.get('Python'),item.get('Java'),str(int(item.get('English'))+int(item.get('Python'))+int(item.get('Java')))))
pass
def menum():
print('-------------------学生信息管理系统--------------------')
print('-----------------------功能菜单------------------------')
print(' 1.录入学生信息')
print(' 2.查找学生信息')
print(' 3.删除学生信息')
print(' 4.修改学生信息')
print(' 5.成绩排序')
print(' 6.统计学生总人数')
print(' 7.显示所有学生信息')
print(' 0.退出系统')
print('------------------------------------------------------')
main()4. Package the project and generate the .exe executable file
1. Install the third-party module, open the dos window, enter: pip install PyInstaller and press Enter,
2. Enter: pyinstaller -F the specific location of the program file,
3. After pressing Enter, you can see the location of the .exe file in the penultimate line of the output content.
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