Syntax: expires [time|epoch|max|pff] Default value: offexpires directive controls the "expires" and "cache-control" header information in the http response, and starts the function of controlling the page cache time: you can use the correct number or negative number. The value of the "expires" header will be set by adding the current system time to the set time value. The time value also controls the value of "cache-control": a negative number indicates no-cache, a positive number or zero indicates max-age=time epoch: Specify the value of "expires" as 1january,1970,00:00:01 gmtmax: Specify "expires" "The value of "cache-control" is 31december2037 23:59:59gmt, and the value of "cache-control" is 10 years. -1: Specify the value of "expires" to be -1s of the current server time, which means it will expire forever. off: Do not modify the values of "expires" and "cache-control"
expires uses a specific time and requires strict synchronization between the server and the client.
The cache-control uses the max-age directive to specify how long the component will be cached.
For browsers that do not support http1.1, expires still need to be controlled. So it's best to specify two response headers. But the http specification stipulates that the max-age directive will rewrite the expires header.
If you do not want the proxy or browser to cache, add the no-cache parameter or private parameter:
# expires 1d;
add_header cache-control no-cache;
add_header cache-control private ;
In this way, when the browser f5 is refreshed, the returned value is still 200, not 304.
Record an example of nginx controlling cache:
cache;
add_header cache-control private;
if ( !-e $request_filename) {
rewrite ^(.*) http://test.zhaopin.com/index.html break;
# add_header cache-control no-cache;
# add_header cache-control private;
When I wrote add_header after rewrite, I found that add_header did not work. . It is because it is written into the if..
apache's mod_expires module enables the date to be set in a relative manner like max-age when using the expires header, which is completed through the expiresdefault directive. For example: the expiration time of pictures etc. is 10 years after the request started.
expiresdefault "access plus 10years"
filematch>
It sends expires header and cache-control max-age header in the response.
expires|etag controls the page cache. The difference expires: As mentioned in the above article: the expires directive controls the "expires" and "cache-control" header information in the http response, and starts the function of controlling the page cache time. :Positive or negative numbers can be used. The value of the "expires" header will be set by adding the current system time to the set time value. The time value also controls the value of "cache-control": a negative number indicates no-cache, a positive number or zero indicates max-age=time epoch: Specify the value of "expires" as 1january,1970,00:00:01 gmtmax: Specify "expires" "The value is 31december203723:59:59gmt, and the value of "cache-control" is 10 years. -1: Specify the value of "expires" to be -1s of the current server time, which means it will expire forever. off: Do not modify the values of "expires" and "cache-control"
expires uses a specific time and requires strict synchronization between the server and the client.
The cache-control uses the max-age directive to specify how long the component will be cached.
For browsers that do not support http1.1, expires still need to be controlled. So it's best to specify two response headers. But the http specification stipulates that the max-age directive will rewrite the expires header. It is generally used when the page does not change very quickly. If the cache expires, the browser will first confirm whether it is valid before reusing it. It is a "conditional get request". If it is valid, it will return a 304 status code. Expirations are determined via the last-modified response header. As shown in the picture:
First visit:
Request:
Return:
Second visit:
Request:
Return:
The status code returned at this time is 304, and there are more if-modified in the request than the first time The -since header is compared with the last-modified in the original server, so browser caching is implemented and whether it is expired is determined.
To put it simply, last-modified and if-modified-since are both http header information used to record the last modification time of the page, but last-modified is the http header sent by the server to the client, while if-modified-since is From the header sent by the client to the server, you can see that when requesting a locally existing cache page again, the client will send back the last-modified last modification timestamp sent by the previous server through the if-modified-since header. This It is for the server to perform verification and use this timestamp to determine whether the client's page is the latest. If it is not the latest, new content will be returned. If it is the latest, 304 will be returned to tell the client that the page in its local cache is the latest. , so the client can load the page directly from the local, which will greatly reduce the data transmitted on the network and also reduce the burden on the server.
If you do not want the proxy or browser to cache, add the no-cache parameter or private parameter:
# expires 1d;
add_header cache-control no-cache;
add_header cache-control private ;
etag: Entity tag is a mechanism used to confirm the validity of web server and browser caches. The origin server uses the etag response header to specify the component's etag and the browser passes the etag back to the origin server via the if-none-match header. If it matches, return 304
as shown:
First visit:
Request:
Return:
Second request:
Return:
The status code still returned is 304, and there are more ifs in the request than in the first time -none-match header. So implement browser caching. If this value does not match, the cache expires.
etags and if-none-match are a commonly used method to determine whether a resource has changed. Similar to last-modified and http-if-modified-since. But the difference is that last-modified and http-if-modified-since only determine the last modification time of the resource, while etags and if-none-match can be any attribute of the resource.
The working principle of etags and if-none-match is to add etags information in httpresponse. When the client requests the resource again, the if-none-match information (the value of etags) will be added to the httprequest. If the server verifies that the resource's etags have not changed (the resource has not changed), it will return a 304 status; otherwise, the server will return a 200 status and return the resource and the new etags.
The etag format on iis needs to be modified.
The above is the detailed content of nginx expires method to control page caching. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

NGINXUnit can be used to deploy and manage applications in multiple languages. 1) Install NGINXUnit. 2) Configure it to run different types of applications such as Python and PHP. 3) Use its dynamic configuration function for application management. Through these steps, you can efficiently deploy and manage applications and improve project efficiency.

NGINX is more suitable for handling high concurrent connections, while Apache is more suitable for scenarios where complex configurations and module extensions are required. 1.NGINX is known for its high performance and low resource consumption, and is suitable for high concurrency. 2.Apache is known for its stability and rich module extensions, which are suitable for complex configuration needs.

NGINXUnit improves application flexibility and performance with its dynamic configuration and high-performance architecture. 1. Dynamic configuration allows the application configuration to be adjusted without restarting the server. 2. High performance is reflected in event-driven and non-blocking architectures and multi-process models, and can efficiently handle concurrent connections and utilize multi-core CPUs.

NGINX and Apache are both powerful web servers, each with unique advantages and disadvantages in terms of performance, scalability and efficiency. 1) NGINX performs well when handling static content and reverse proxying, suitable for high concurrency scenarios. 2) Apache performs better when processing dynamic content and is suitable for projects that require rich module support. The selection of a server should be decided based on project requirements and scenarios.

NGINX is suitable for handling high concurrent requests, while Apache is suitable for scenarios where complex configurations and functional extensions are required. 1.NGINX adopts an event-driven, non-blocking architecture, and is suitable for high concurrency environments. 2. Apache adopts process or thread model to provide a rich module ecosystem that is suitable for complex configuration needs.

NGINX can be used to improve website performance, security, and scalability. 1) As a reverse proxy and load balancer, NGINX can optimize back-end services and share traffic. 2) Through event-driven and asynchronous architecture, NGINX efficiently handles high concurrent connections. 3) Configuration files allow flexible definition of rules, such as static file service and load balancing. 4) Optimization suggestions include enabling Gzip compression, using cache and tuning the worker process.

NGINXUnit supports multiple programming languages and is implemented through modular design. 1. Loading language module: Load the corresponding module according to the configuration file. 2. Application startup: Execute application code when the calling language runs. 3. Request processing: forward the request to the application instance. 4. Response return: Return the processed response to the client.

NGINX and Apache have their own advantages and disadvantages and are suitable for different scenarios. 1.NGINX is suitable for high concurrency and low resource consumption scenarios. 2. Apache is suitable for scenarios where complex configurations and rich modules are required. By comparing their core features, performance differences, and best practices, you can help you choose the server software that best suits your needs.


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

SublimeText3 English version
Recommended: Win version, supports code prompts!

mPDF
mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows
This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.

Atom editor mac version download
The most popular open source editor