RHELPPTP
本文档来学习实验环境,内容实验结果全部在机房校验,全部正确无误。
系统环境:RHEL6 x86_64 selinux and iptables disabled
软件下载:http :// poptop . sourceforge . net / yum / stable / rhel 6/
ftp://ftp.samba.org/pub/ppp安装配置 pptpd
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
yum install ppp -y
rpm -ivh pptpd-1.3.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
pptpd 的配置文件 /etc/pptpd.conf
localip 192.168.0.1
remoteip192.168.0.234-238
localip: pptpd server 所在服务器 IP 地址,可以设置为服务器上绑定的任意一个 IP 地址
remoteip: 设置客户端连接到 pptpd server 后可供分配的 Ip 地址范围
添加测试用户/etc/ppp/chap-secrets
#client server secret IP addresses
yakexi pptpd westos *
注意:server 名称必须和 /etc/ppp/options.pptpd 中 name 处设置的名称一致,否则登录
验证无法通过
service pptpd start
netstat -antlp|grep:1723
现在可以用 yakexi 测试了!
安装配置 freeradius
yum install freeradius freeradius-mysql freeradius-utils -y
tar zxf ppp-2.4.5.tar.gz
mkdir /etc/radiusclient
cp ppp-2.4.5/pppd/plugins/radius/etc/* /etc/radiusclient
cd /etc/radiusclient
在 servers 文件中添加 radius 服务器的地址和密码
localhost westos
修改 radiusclient.conf 文件中确保这个文件中所有与 radiusclient 相关的路径都是
以/etc/radiusclient 开头的。例如:
servers /usr/local/etc/radiusclient/servers
修改为:
servers /etc/radiusclient/servers
修改/etc/ppp/options.pptpd,添加如下行:
plugin /usr/lib64/pppd/2.4.5/radius.so
cd /etc/raddb
修改 clients.conf
client localhost {
ipaddr = 127.0.0.1
secret = westos (与/etc/radiusclient/servers 里设置的一致)
....
}
支持 mysql
修改/etc/raddb/radius.conf
$INCLUDE sql.conf #去掉注释
修改/etc/raddb/sites-available/default
authorize {
#files
sql
....
}
accounting {
#radutmp
sql
....
}
session{
#radutmp
sql
}
post-auth {
sql
}
修改/etc/raddb/sql.conf
sql {
database = “mysql“
driver = "rlm_sql_mysql"
server = "localhost"
login = "radius"
password = "radpass"
radius_db = "radius"
....
}
修改/etc/raddb/sql/mysql/dialup.conf,去掉如下行的注释:
simul_count_query = "SELECT COUNT(*) /
FROM ${acct_table1} /
WHERE username = '%{SQL-User-Name}' /
AND acctstoptime IS NULL"
yum install mysql mysql-server -y
service mysqld start
cd /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/
mysqladmin create radius
mysql radius
mysql
mysql> insert into radgroupreply (groupname,attribute,op,value) values
('user','Auth-Type',':=','Local');
mysql> insert into radgroupreply (groupname,attribute,op,value) values
('user','Service-Type',':=','Framed-User');
mysql> insert into radgroupreply (groupname,attribute,op,value) values
('user','Framed-IP-Address',':=','255.255.255.254');
mysql> insert into radgroupreply (groupname,attribute,op,value) values
('user','Framed-IP-Netmask',':=','255.255.255.0');
mysql>insert into radgroupcheck (groupname,attribute,op,value) values
('user','Simultaneous-Use',':=','1'); (限制一个帐号只能拨一次,可选)
mysql> insert into radcheck (username,attribute,op,value) values ('test','UserPassword',':=','test'); (添加帐户 test,密码 test)
mysql> insert into radusergroup (username,groupname) values ('test','user');
以后添加帐户只需要进行以上两步操作即可
service radiusd start
service pptpd stop
service pptpd start
执行命令进行测试:
# radtest test test localhost 0 westos
Sending Access-Request of id 13 to 127.0.0.1 port 1812
User-Name = "test"
User-Password = "test"
NAS-IP-Address = 127.0.0.1
NAS-Port = 0
rad_recv: Access-Accept packet from host 127.0.0.1 port 1812, id=13, length=38
Service-Type = Framed-User
Framed-IP-Address = 255.255.255.254
Framed-IP-Netmask = 255.255.255.0
看到 Access-Accept 字样即表示成功

MySQLstringtypesimpactstorageandperformanceasfollows:1)CHARisfixed-length,alwaysusingthesamestoragespace,whichcanbefasterbutlessspace-efficient.2)VARCHARisvariable-length,morespace-efficientbutpotentiallyslower.3)TEXTisforlargetext,storedoutsiderows,

MySQLstringtypesincludeVARCHAR,TEXT,CHAR,ENUM,andSET.1)VARCHARisversatileforvariable-lengthstringsuptoaspecifiedlimit.2)TEXTisidealforlargetextstoragewithoutadefinedlength.3)CHARisfixed-length,suitableforconsistentdatalikecodes.4)ENUMenforcesdatainte

MySQLoffersvariousstringdatatypes:1)CHARforfixed-lengthstrings,2)VARCHARforvariable-lengthtext,3)BINARYandVARBINARYforbinarydata,4)BLOBandTEXTforlargedata,and5)ENUMandSETforcontrolledinput.Eachtypehasspecificusesandperformancecharacteristics,sochoose

TograntpermissionstonewMySQLusers,followthesesteps:1)AccessMySQLasauserwithsufficientprivileges,2)CreateanewuserwiththeCREATEUSERcommand,3)UsetheGRANTcommandtospecifypermissionslikeSELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,orALLPRIVILEGESonspecificdatabasesortables,and4)

ToaddusersinMySQLeffectivelyandsecurely,followthesesteps:1)UsetheCREATEUSERstatementtoaddanewuser,specifyingthehostandastrongpassword.2)GrantnecessaryprivilegesusingtheGRANTstatement,adheringtotheprincipleofleastprivilege.3)Implementsecuritymeasuresl

ToaddanewuserwithcomplexpermissionsinMySQL,followthesesteps:1)CreatetheuserwithCREATEUSER'newuser'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'password';.2)Grantreadaccesstoalltablesin'mydatabase'withGRANTSELECTONmydatabase.TO'newuser'@'localhost';.3)Grantwriteaccessto'

The string data types in MySQL include CHAR, VARCHAR, BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB, and TEXT. The collations determine the comparison and sorting of strings. 1.CHAR is suitable for fixed-length strings, VARCHAR is suitable for variable-length strings. 2.BINARY and VARBINARY are used for binary data, and BLOB and TEXT are used for large object data. 3. Sorting rules such as utf8mb4_unicode_ci ignores upper and lower case and is suitable for user names; utf8mb4_bin is case sensitive and is suitable for fields that require precise comparison.

The best MySQLVARCHAR column length selection should be based on data analysis, consider future growth, evaluate performance impacts, and character set requirements. 1) Analyze the data to determine typical lengths; 2) Reserve future expansion space; 3) Pay attention to the impact of large lengths on performance; 4) Consider the impact of character sets on storage. Through these steps, the efficiency and scalability of the database can be optimized.


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