php convert uft8

With the rapid development of the Internet, various types of websites emerge in endlessly. Among them, websites developed using PHP language are especially popular among developers and users and have become an important part of the Internet. However, when using PHP language to develop websites, there is a very difficult problem - character set conversion. Especially when dealing with Chinese characters, developers often encounter the problem of garbled characters. Therefore, this article will introduce the method of converting UTF-8 in PHP to solve the problem of Chinese character set conversion.

What is UTF-8?

First of all, we need to understand what UTF-8 is. UTF-8 is a variable-length character encoding that can represent Unicode characters. It is represented by a sequence of bytes, each byte encoding a character. UTF-8 uses the ASCII character set and the extended ASCII character set to represent all characters in Unicode. Unlike other character set encodings, UTF-8 encodes characters as a series of 1 to 4 byte integers, each integer corresponding to a Unicode code point. This makes UTF-8 an extremely flexible and efficient character encoding.

PHP method of converting UTF-8

When dealing with Chinese character sets, PHP provides a series of functions for converting character sets. Here are some commonly used functions:

1. mb_convert_encoding

The mb_convert_encoding function can convert a string encoding from any encoding to the target encoding (UTF-8).

Example:

$str = "中文字符";

// 将字符串从 GB2312 编码转换为 UTF-8 编码
$str = mb_convert_encoding($str, 'UTF-8', 'GB2312');

2. iconv

iconv function can also complete character set conversion, but it is more suitable for modifying character sets. The iconv function supports multiple encoding conversions and provides richer parameter options.

Example:

$str = "中文字符";

// 将字符串从 GB2312 编码转换为 UTF-8 编码
$str = iconv('GB2312', 'UTF-8', $str);

3. utf8_encode and utf8_decode

utf8_encode function can convert ISO 8859-1 character encoding to UTF-8 character encoding, and utf8_decode The function converts UTF-8 character encoding to ISO 8859-1 character encoding.

Example:

$str = "中文字符";

// 将字符串从 ISO-8859-1 编码转换为 UTF-8 编码
$str = utf8_encode($str);

// 将字符串从 UTF-8 编码转换为 ISO-8859-1 编码
$str = utf8_decode($str);

4. htmlspecialchars

htmlspecialchars function can convert special characters in HTML (such as <, >, &, ", ' etc.) into their corresponding HTML entities.

Example:

$str = "这是一段包含特殊字符的字符串：3 > 2 & 2 < 3";

// 将特殊字符转换为 HTML 实体
$str = htmlspecialchars($str);

Implementation method

According to the above introduction, we can use the following code to implement Chinese character set conversion:

// 设置 PHP 脚本字符集为 UTF-8
header("Content-Type:text/html;charset=utf-8"); 

// 设置 MySQL 数据库字符集为 UTF-8
mysql_query("SET NAMES utf8"); 

// 将字符串从 GB2312 编码转换为 UTF-8 编码
$str = "中文字符";
$str = mb_convert_encoding($str, 'UTF-8', 'GB2312');

Summary

When writing PHP programs, character set conversion is a common but very difficult problem. In order to avoid problems such as garbled characters, we need to master converting strings from one encoding to Another encoding technique, especially converting strings from GB2312 encoding to UTF-8 encoding. In programming, we can use a variety of functions to achieve character set conversion, such as mb_convert_encoding, iconv, utf8_encode, utf8_decode and htmlspecialchars, etc. .At the same time, we also need to pay attention to setting the PHP script character set and MySQL database character set. In this way, we can effectively solve the Chinese character set conversion problem, make our program more robust and efficient, and also improve our development efficiency.

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