Mysql集群
一、环境说明: CentOS6.3(32位) + MySQL Cluster 7.3.5,规划5台机器,资料如下:
节点分布情况:
MGM:192.168.10.102
NDBD1:192.168.10.101
NDBD2:192.168.10.99
SQL1:192.168.10.98
SQL2:192.168.10.97
二、下载安装包:
主要有三种类型的安装包:1:rpm安装包;2:预编译二进制安装包; 3:源码包。 这里选择第二种安装包“预编译二进制安装包”,它只需要解压即可。
先官网下载页面http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/cluster/ ,选择 Linux - Generic 下面的 mysql-cluster-gpl-7.3.5-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz 这个安装包!
注意:我的CentOS是32位的,如果是64位系统则应该下载64位的安装包 mysql-cluster-gpl-7.3.5-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz。
三、环境清理(在各台服务器上都要执行)
清除MySQL旧版本:
首先使用如下命令来清理之前操作系统自带的MySQL安装:
yum -y remove mysql
然后使用如下命令:
[root@localhost src]#
rpm -qa | grep mysql*
mysql-libs-5.1.61-4.el6.i686
apr-util-mysql-1.3.9-3.el6_0.1.i686
对于找到的2个剩余MySQL包,按照如下的命令格式予以删除:
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.61-4.el6.i686
rpm -e --nodeps apr-util-mysql-1.3.9-3.el6_0.1.i686
四、软件准备(在各台服务器上都要执行)
4.1 将 mysql-cluster-gpl-7.3.5-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz 上传到各服务器的某个目录下(如/usr/local/src) 下面,然后解压并移到/usr/local/mysql目录下
tar -xzvf /usr/local/src/mysql-cluster-gpl-7.3.5-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz
mv /usr/local/src/mysql-cluster-gpl-7.3.5-linux-glibc2.5-i686/* /usr/local/mysql
4.2 新建mysql用户及用户组:
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -s /usr/sbin/nologin mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
4.3安装 My Cluster:
cd /usr/local/mysql
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
五、配置节点
5.1 配置管理节点(192.168.10.102)
#新建配置文件存放目录
mkdir /usr/local/etc
chown mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/etc
#创建配置文件 config.ini
vim /usr/local/mysql/etc/config.ini
config.ini内容如下:
[ndb_mgmd default]datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
[ndbd default]
NoOfReplicas = 2
DataMemory = 3G
IndexMemory = 1G
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
[ndb_mgmd]
NodeId = 1
hostname = 192.168.10.102
[ndbd]
NodeId = 11
hostname = 192.168.10.101
[ndbd]
NodeId = 12
hostname = 192.168.10.99
[mysqld]
NodeId = 81
hostname = 192.168.10.98
[mysqld]
NodeId = 82
hostname = 192.168.10.97
[mysqld]
5.2 配置数据节点(192.168.10.101、192.168.10.99)
vim /etc/my.cnf
my.cnf内容如下:
[mysqld]
ndbcluster
ndb-connectstring = 192.168.10.102
[mysql_cluster]ndb-connectstring = 192.168.10.102
5.3 配置SQL节点(192.168.10.98、192.168.10.97)
vim /etc/my.cnf
my.cnf内容如下:
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
ndbclusterndb-connectstring = 192.168.10.102
[mysql_cluster]ndb-connectstring = 192.168.10.102
六、启动节点
启动需要按照如下顺序进行:Management Node > Data Node > SQL Node
6.1启动管理节点(192.168.10.102)
/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgmd -f /usr/local/etc/config.ini
其他常用操作:
#查看ndb_mgmd是否启动
[root@localhost mysql]#
ps -ef | grep ndb_mgmd
root 2948 1 1 23:47 ? 00:00:03 /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgmd -f /usr/local/mysql/etc/config.ini
root 2984 2073 0 23:52 pts/0 00:00:00 grep ndb_mgmd
[root@localhost mysql]#
#ndb_mgmd默认启动1186端口
[root@localhost mysql]#
netstat -ntlp | grep ndb_mgmd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1186 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2948/ndb_mgmd
[root@localhost mysql]#
#查看集群状态
[root@localhost mysql]#
/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=11 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.10.101)
id=12 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.10.99)
[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)id=1 @192.168.10.102 (mysql-5.6.17 ndb-7.3.5)
[mysqld(API)] 3 node(s)
id=81 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.10.98)
id=82 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.10.97)
id=83 (not connected, accepting connect from any host)
参考:
【百度百科】MySQL Cluster

The main role of MySQL in web applications is to store and manage data. 1.MySQL efficiently processes user information, product catalogs, transaction records and other data. 2. Through SQL query, developers can extract information from the database to generate dynamic content. 3.MySQL works based on the client-server model to ensure acceptable query speed.

The steps to build a MySQL database include: 1. Create a database and table, 2. Insert data, and 3. Conduct queries. First, use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE statements to create the database and table, then use the INSERTINTO statement to insert the data, and finally use the SELECT statement to query the data.

MySQL is suitable for beginners because it is easy to use and powerful. 1.MySQL is a relational database, and uses SQL for CRUD operations. 2. It is simple to install and requires the root user password to be configured. 3. Use INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and SELECT to perform data operations. 4. ORDERBY, WHERE and JOIN can be used for complex queries. 5. Debugging requires checking the syntax and use EXPLAIN to analyze the query. 6. Optimization suggestions include using indexes, choosing the right data type and good programming habits.

MySQL is suitable for beginners because: 1) easy to install and configure, 2) rich learning resources, 3) intuitive SQL syntax, 4) powerful tool support. Nevertheless, beginners need to overcome challenges such as database design, query optimization, security management, and data backup.

Yes,SQLisaprogramminglanguagespecializedfordatamanagement.1)It'sdeclarative,focusingonwhattoachieveratherthanhow.2)SQLisessentialforquerying,inserting,updating,anddeletingdatainrelationaldatabases.3)Whileuser-friendly,itrequiresoptimizationtoavoidper

ACID attributes include atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability, and are the cornerstone of database design. 1. Atomicity ensures that the transaction is either completely successful or completely failed. 2. Consistency ensures that the database remains consistent before and after a transaction. 3. Isolation ensures that transactions do not interfere with each other. 4. Persistence ensures that data is permanently saved after transaction submission.

MySQL is not only a database management system (DBMS) but also closely related to programming languages. 1) As a DBMS, MySQL is used to store, organize and retrieve data, and optimizing indexes can improve query performance. 2) Combining SQL with programming languages, embedded in Python, using ORM tools such as SQLAlchemy can simplify operations. 3) Performance optimization includes indexing, querying, caching, library and table division and transaction management.

MySQL uses SQL commands to manage data. 1. Basic commands include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE. 2. Advanced usage involves JOIN, subquery and aggregate functions. 3. Common errors include syntax, logic and performance issues. 4. Optimization tips include using indexes, avoiding SELECT* and using LIMIT.


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