php working environment setup

With the rapid development of the Internet in recent years, more and more people choose to learn and develop websites, and PHP, as a very popular back-end development language, is increasingly loved by developers. It is also extremely important to build a suitable PHP working environment, which can not only improve our development efficiency, but also ensure the quality of the code. This article will introduce in detail how to build a suitable PHP working environment so that readers can get started easily.

1. Choose the right operating system
I believe everyone knows that the most popular operating systems are Windows and OS X. Both operating systems are used by many PHP developers. But in the actual development process, we recommend using the Linux operating system. Because Linux is open source, its stability, security, and speed are better than other operating systems. In addition, the Linux operating system is better compatible with PHP and can bring better results to our development.

2. Install the Web server
The Web server is an essential part of a project, because only when the Web server is installed can the page and code run correctly. Currently, the more popular web servers include Apache and Nginx. You can choose a web server you like. In this article, we choose to install the Apache web server.

1. Install Apache
In the Linux system, we use apt-get to install Apache. You can open the terminal and enter the following command:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install apache2

After installation, we can use the browser Enter http://localhost to access the Apache server, so you can confirm that the web server has been installed successfully. At this point, the browser will display an Apache welcome page, indicating that the Apache server has been started. If you don't want to see this page, you can change the content of the page by modifying the /var/www/html/index.html file.

2. Install PHP
After installing the web server, we need to install PHP for code development. In the Linux system, we use apt-get to install PHP. You can open the terminal and enter the following command:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install php libapache2-mod-php

After installation, we need to restart the Apache server to make PHP work properly. You can enter the following command to restart:

sudo service apache2 restart

At this point, we can write a simple PHP code and create a new index.php file in the /var/www/html/ directory. The code is as follows:

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

After saving, We can access the PHP server by entering http://localhost/index.php through the browser. If the browser successfully outputs PHP information, congratulations, you have successfully installed PHP.

3. Install MySQL database
MySQL is a very popular relational database, which is very convenient for web development. In the Linux system, we use apt-get to install MySQL. You can open the terminal and enter the following command:

sudo apt-get update 
sudo apt-get install mysql-server

During the installation process, the system will prompt you to enter the administrator password. Please enter it as required. After installing mysql, we can log in to the mysql console to manage the database. You can enter the following command to log in:

mysql -u root -p

Then enter the administrator password. After successful login, we can create and delete databases through mysql commands, for example:

// 创建一个名为test的数据库
CREATE DATABASE test;

// 删除名为test的数据库
DROP DATABASE test;

3. Install PHP extensions
When developing PHP, we may use many PHP extension libraries. Therefore, these extension libraries must also be installed when setting up the PHP environment. Commonly used extension libraries are:

1. GD Library
   is used to generate verification codes and process images. In Linux systems, we can use the following command to install:

sudo apt-get install php-gd

2. MySQLi and PDO
   are used to connect to MySQL databases. MySQLi supports MySQL 4.1 or above, while PDO can support multiple database types. In Linux system, we can use the following command to install:

// 安装MySQLi
sudo apt-get install php-mysql

// 安装PDO
sudo apt-get install php-pdo-mysql

3. cURL
   is used for data transmission, it can pass data from one server to another, supports HTTP , FTP, SMTP and other protocols. In Linux systems, we can use the following command to install:

sudo apt-get install php-curl

4. OpenSSL
   is used for encryption and decryption, increasing the security and confidentiality of the code. In the Linux system, we can use the following command to install:

sudo apt-get install php-openssl

4. Use Composer to manage dependencies
When developing PHP, we may use a lot of dependencies. If each Dependencies need to be installed manually, which will be a huge waste of time. So in order to improve development efficiency, we need to use Composer to manage dependencies. Composer is a PHP dependency manager that automatically installs and manages dependencies, making our development more convenient.

In Linux systems, we can install Composer through the following command:

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | sudo php -- --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer

After the installation is complete, we can use Composer to manage our PHP dependencies. For example, we can create a composer.json file in a new directory with the following content:

{
    "require": {
        "symfony/console": "^5.0"
    }
}

Then we can enter the directory in the terminal and enter the following command:

composer install

This Composer will automatically download and install the symfony/console library and other dependent libraries that the library depends on.

Summary
The above is how to build a PHP working environment in the Linux operating system. I hope readers can easily develop PHP according to the method in this article. In the process of learning PHP, it is very important to build a good PHP working environment. It can not only improve our development efficiency, but also ensure the quality of our code.

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