How to install docker on windows

Docker is a very popular containerization technology that can encapsulate, distribute and run applications on different platforms. This article will explain how to install Docker on Windows to develop and test applications locally, build containerized applications, and deploy to the cloud.

1. Preparation

Before installing Docker, we need to make some preparations.

1. Confirm system requirements

First, confirm whether your Windows version meets the requirements of Docker. The Windows versions supported by Docker are Windows 10 64-bit: Pro, Enterprise, or Education and Windows Server 2016 64-bit.

If you are using the Windows 10 Home version, you need to upgrade it to the Pro, Enterprise or Education version to install Docker.

2. Confirm hardware requirements

Docker requires certain hardware requirements to run. It is recommended to have at least 4GB of memory and a 64-bit architecture processor. If your system does not meet these requirements, it may cause Docker to not function properly or perform poorly.

3. Turn off virtualization-based security (Virtualization-based Security)

If your version of Windows has virtualization security enabled, you need to turn it off first. This can be performed in PowerShell with the following command:

Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName "VirtualizationBasedSecurity"

4. Confirm Hyper-V is enabled

Docker requires Hyper-V to be enabled in order to run. Hyper-V is a virtualization technology that can create and run virtual machines on Windows. In Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016, Hyper-V is enabled by default and no additional configuration is required.

If Hyper-V is not enabled on your system, you need to enable it manually. Hyper-V can be enabled in Control Panel through the following steps:

Control Panel > Programs > Turn Windows features on or off > Hyper-V

2. Install Docker

After completing the above preparations, we can start installing Docker.

1. Download Docker Desktop

You can download Docker Desktop through the Docker official website. Docker Desktop is a complete Docker solution, including tools such as Docker Engine, Docker CLI, and Docker Compose. The download address is: https://www.docker.com/products/docker-desktop.

2. Install Docker Desktop

Double-click the Docker Desktop installer and follow the wizard steps to install. During the installation process, you will be prompted to choose which features to enable (such as Docker Engine, Docker Compose, etc.). You can install them all by default.

After the installation is completed, Docker will automatically start and the Docker icon will be displayed in the system taskbar. At this point, you have successfully installed Docker.

3. Use Docker

After installing Docker, we can start using it to build and run containerized applications.

1. Run Hello World

Open the Docker console and enter the following command to run the Hello World container:

docker run hello-world

This command will download a Hello World container from Docker Hub An image named "hello-world" and run a simple application in it. If everything goes well, the console will output the following message:

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

2. Build your own container

If you want to build your own container, you can write a Dockerfile and then use the docker build command to build the image. The following is a simple Dockerfile example:

FROM node:10
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm install
COPY . .
EXPOSE 3000
CMD [ "npm", "start" ]

This Dockerfile uses node:10 as the base image, and sets the working directory, installs dependencies, copies application files, sets the container's open port and startup command, etc. You can write a Dockerfile according to your own application.

Use the following command to build the image:

docker build -t mynodeapp .

Among them, the parameter -t specifies the image name, and the following . indicates building the Dockerfile file in the current directory.

Then, you can run the image using the following command:

docker run -p 3000:3000 mynodeapp

The parameter -p specifies the port mapping between the host and the container. Here, the 3000 port of the container is mapped to the 3000 port of the host.

Open http://localhost:3000 in the browser. If you can see the application interface, it means the container is built and run successfully.

4. Summary

This article introduces how to install and use Docker on Windows, including preparations, downloading and installing Docker Desktop, running Hello World containers and building your own images, etc. Docker is a very powerful containerization technology that can improve the portability and operating efficiency of applications, and can also be used to quickly build and deploy cloud applications.

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