How to set up form submission using jQuery

In modern websites, forms are one of the most important elements. It allows users to submit data, making communication between the website and users smoother. As a popular JavaScript library, jQuery provides us with a rich API that can easily control form operations. This article will explain how to set up form submission using jQuery.

jQuery selects form elements

First, we need to select the form element. jQuery provides multiple methods for selecting form elements, such as selectors, DOM elements, etc. Here are some usage examples:

1. Selecting form elements

We can use jQuery selectors to select form elements. For example, to select the form element with the id "myForm", you can use the following syntax:

var myForm = $("form#myForm");

The "$" here is the abbreviation of jQuery function, which returns a jQuery object containing all matching elements. We can use this object to control the form.

2. Select form input elements

Similarly, we can also use jQuery selectors to select input elements in the form, such as text boxes, drop-down boxes and check boxes, etc. . Here are some usage examples:

// 选择名称为它“name”的输入元素
var inputByName = $("input[name='name']");

// 选择类型为文本的输入元素
var inputByType = $("input[type='text']");

// 选择类型为复选框的输入元素
var checkbox = $("input[type='checkbox']");

jQuery Setting up form submission

Once we have selected the form element, we can use jQuery to set up form submission. In jQuery, we have two ways to submit a form:

1. Using the submit() function

We can use the submit() function of the form to submit the form. The following are some usage examples:

// 当触发一个button按钮时提交表单
$("button").click(function(){
  $("form").submit();
});

// 当网页加载时提交表单
$(document).ready(function(){
  $("form").submit();
});

2. Using the ajax() function

We can also use the ajax() function to submit the form. This approach allows us to submit the form asynchronously and update the web page without refreshing the page. The following are some usage examples:

$("form").submit(function(event){
  // 阻止表单默认提交行为
  event.preventDefault();

  // 构造一个包含表单数据的对象
  var formData = $(this).serialize();

  // 发送表单数据到服务器
  $.ajax({
    url: "http://example.com/submit.php", //服务器地址
    type: "POST", //提交方式
    data: formData //表单数据
  })
   .done(function(data){
      // 成功提交处理
      console.log("Success: " + data);
   })
   .fail(function(jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown){
      // 处理请求失败
      console.log("Error: " + textStatus + ", " + errorThrown);
   });
});

Note that we need to call the preventDefault() function before submitting the form to prevent the browser's default submission behavior.

Conclusion

In this article, we learned how to use jQuery to select form elements and submit the form using the submit() and ajax() functions. Although form submission seems simple, it actually involves a lot of details. Therefore, we need to practice and try more in actual development in order to better master the form submission skills.

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