Python's Pygame Font module - how to use text and fonts?

Pygame’s Font text and font

Pygame creates a font object through the pygame.font module to achieve the purpose of drawing text.
The common methods of this module are as follows:

Cancel initialization of the font module##pygame.font.get_init() pygame.font.get_default_font() pygame.font.get_fonts() pygame.font.match_font() pygame.font.SysFont() pygame.font.Font()

Name	Description
pygame.font.init()	Initialize the font module
##pygame.font.quit()
Check whether the font module has been initialized and return a Boolean value.
Get the file name of the default font. Return the file name of the font in the system
Get all available fonts, the return value is all available Font list
Matches font files from the system’s font library, and the return value is the complete font File path
Create a Font object from the system’s font library
Create a Font object from a font file

The Font

module provides two methods for creating font (Font) objects, namely:

• SysFont

  (Load font files from the system to create font objects )

• Font

  (Create font object through file path)

font.SysFont()

Use the following method to load fonts directly from the system:

pygame.font.SysFont(name, size, bold=False, italic=False)

Parameter description is as follows:

##name
• : List parameter Value, indicating the name of the font to be loaded from the system. It will be searched in the order of the elements in the list. If there is no font in the list in the system, Pygame's default font will be used.

size
• : Indicates the size of the font;

bold
• : Whether the font is bold;

italic
• : Whether the font is italic.
  Usage examples are as follows:

print("获取系统中所有可用字体",pygame.font.get_fonts())
my_font = pygame.font.SysFont(['方正粗黑宋简体','microsoftsansserif'],50)

The above method will give priority to "Founder Bold Black Song Simplified".

font.Font()

When we want to introduce a cooler font into the game but it does not exist in the system, we can An alternative method is to load font files externally to draw text. The syntax format is as follows:

my_font = pygame.font.Font(filename, size)

The parameter description is as follows:

filename
• : string format, indicating the path of the font file;

size
• : Set the font size.
  Usage example is as follows:

f = pygame.font.Font('C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/willhar_.ttf',50)

Loaded a font file from the desktop to create a font object and set the font size to 50. Note that the above font files are downloaded from the Internet, you can also download them by clicking on the URL), or use the font files in the system library.

Font object methods

Pygame provides some common methods for handling font objects, as follows:

NameDescription##pygame.font.Font.render() pygame.font.Font.size() Whether to draw an underline for the text contentCheck whether the text is underlinedStart bold font rendering##pygame.font.Font.get_bold() Check whether the text is rendered in boldpygame.font.Font.set_italic() Start italic rendering pygame.font.Font.metrics() Get the detailed parameters of each character in the stringpygame.font.Font.get_italic() Check whether the text is rendered in italicspygame.font .Font.get_linesize() Get the line height of font textpygame.font.Font.get_height() Get the height of the fontGet the distance from the top of the font to the baselineGet the distance from the bottom of the font to the baseline

This function creates a rendered text Surface object
This function returns the size required to render text. The return value is a One-tuple (width,height)	##pygame.font.Font.set_underline()
	pygame.font.Font.get_underline()
	pygame.font.Font.set_bold()
##pygame.font.Font.get_ascent()
pygame.font.Font.get_descent()
<blockquote><p>使用上述方法，我们可以非常方便地对字体进行渲染，或者获取字体的相关信息，比如字体的高度、是否是粗体、斜体等信息。</p></blockquote> <p>上述方法中使用最多要数第一个方法，它是绘制文本内容的关键方法，其语法格式如下：</p><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'>render(text, antialias, color, background=None)</pre><p>参数说明如下:</p> <ul class=" list-paddingleft-2"> <li><p><code>text : 要绘制的文本内容 antialias : 布尔值参数，是否是平滑字体（抗锯齿）。 color : 设置字体颜色； background : 可选参数，默认为 None，该参数用来设置字体的背景颜色。 下面看一组简单的示例： import sys import pygame # 初始化 pygame.init() screen = pygame.display.set_mode((600, 400)) # 填充主窗口的背景颜色 screen.fill((20, 90, 50)) # 设置窗口标题 pygame.display.set_caption(&#39;Python自学网&#39;) # 字体文件路径 C:/Windows/Fonts/simhei.ttf f = pygame.font.Font(&#39;C:/Windows/Fonts/simhei.ttf&#39;, 50) # render(text, antialias, color, background=None) -> Surface text = f.render("网址：python.net", True, (255, 0, 0), (255, 255, 255)) # 获得显示对象的 rect区域大小 textRect = text.get_rect() # 设置显示对象居中 textRect.center = (300, 200) screen.blit(text, textRect) while True: # 循环获取事件，监听事件 for event in pygame.event.get(): # 判断用户是否点了关闭按钮 if event.type == pygame.QUIT: # 卸载所有pygame模块 pygame.quit() # 终止程序 sys.exit() pygame.display.flip() # 更新屏幕内容 除了使用上述方法之外，Pygame 为了增强字体模块的功能，在新的版本中又加入了另外一个字体模块，它就是 Freetype 模块。该模块属于 Pygame 的高级模块， 它能够完全可以取代 Font 模块，并且在 Font 模块的基础上又添加了许多新功能，比如调整字符间距离，字体垂直模式以及逆时针旋转文本等（详情可阅读官方文档）。 如果想 Freetype 模块，必须使用以下方式导包： import pygame.freetype 下面使用 Freetype 模块来绘制文本内容，代码如下： import sys, pygame import pygame.freetype pygame.init() # 设置位置变量 pos = [180, 50] # 设置颜色变量 GOLD = 255, 251, 0 BLACK = 0, 0, 0 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((600, 400)) pygame.display.set_caption("Python自学网") f1 = pygame.freetype.Font("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/willhar_.ttf", 45) # 注意，这里使用render_to() 来绘制文本内容，与render 相比，该方法无返回值 # 参数说明： # pos 绘制文本开始的位置，fgcolor表示前景色，bgcolor表示背景色，rotation表示文本旋转的角度 freeRect = f1.render_to(screen, pos, "I love python.net", fgcolor=GOLD, bgcolor=BLACK, rotation=35) while True: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: sys.exit() pygame.display.update()

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