How to install libraries in Golang environment

1. Introduction

Go language is a programming language initiated by Google. Go language has an efficient compiler and runtime environment, rich built-in libraries and third-party libraries, which is very suitable for developing high-performance network applications. When developing applications using the Go language, we often need to use some external libraries to simplify the development process and improve development efficiency. This article is to introduce how to install libraries in the Golang environment.

2. Golang’s dependency management tools

The Go language natively supports dependency management, but its dependency management tools are limited. The go tools provided by the Go language can only be installed globally by default. There is no concept of local installation similar to npm, pip, gem and other projects, and it cannot solve the dependency management problem of local projects. A number of Go language dependency management tools have emerged in the community, including:

1. Go Modules that come with Go 1.11 and later versions
2. dep - Officially provided tool
3. glide - a tool developed by Matt Holt
4. vgo - an experimental tool developed by Russ Cox

This article will use Go Modules as an example to introduce how to use dependency management tools Install third-party libraries.

3. Use Go Modules to install the library

Go Modules is a feature in Go1.11 and subsequent versions. It allows users to import third-party libraries into their own projects and ensures that dependencies in each project are versioned and handled correctly. Go Modules uses github.com as the default repository when installing third-party libraries, and users can specify other repositories to use.

1. Enable Go Module

Before using go mod to install the library, we need to enable Go Module first. Set on or auto in the GO111MODULE environment variable to enable Go Module, as shown below:

$ export GO111MODULE=on

2. New project

First, we need to create a new project directory under the GOPATH/src directory and initialize it as a Go Module project:

$ cd $GOPATH/src
$ mkdir project
$ cd project
$ go mod init example.com/project

Note: example.com/project is the path of the project you want to develop. When executing go mod init example.com/project, the Go language will Create a go.mod file and record the name, version and other information of the current project in it.

3. Install third-party libraries

After initializing the project, we can use the go get command to install third-party libraries as needed:

$ go get github .com/gin-gonic/gin

After the installation is completed, the go.mod file will be automatically updated and the version information of the gin library will be recorded.

module example.com/project

go 1.13

require (

github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.6.3

)

4. Generate vendor directory

In order to package the code of the third-party library into an executable program, we need to compile the code of the third-party library together with our code. In the Go language, you can use the vendor directory to save the source code and dependencies of third-party libraries. Use the command go mod vendor to download the third-party library to the vendor directory:

$ go mod vendor

At this time, the downloaded gin-gonic library code appears in the vendor folder.

5. Introducing third-party libraries

We can use the new library in our project and import the dependencies directly through import, as shown below:

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

6. Install the specified version of the library

When installing a third-party library, we can specify the version. As shown below:

$ go get github.com/gin-gonic/gin@v1.3.0

This will install the gin-gonic library with version v1.3.0 into our project middle.

4. Conclusion

This article briefly introduces how to use Go Modules to create a Golang project and use the go get command to install third-party libraries. During the installation of third-party libraries, you can specify version numbers to meet the needs of your project. Through these simple steps, we can easily use third-party libraries in the Golang environment, improve development efficiency, and avoid version conflicts.

The above is the detailed content of How to install libraries in Golang environment. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!