一、文件分隔符
文件分隔符是用来分隔构成特定位置路径的目录名的字符。
1.获取文件分隔符
在Java中,有几种方法可以获得文件分隔符。
我们可以用File.separator来获取String的分隔符。
String fileSeparator = File.separator;
我们也可以用File.separatorChar获得这个分隔符的字符。
char fileSeparatorChar = File.separatorChar;
从Java 7开始,我们也可以使用文件系统。
String fileSeparator = FileSystems.getDefault().getSeparator();
输出结果将取决于主机操作系统。文件分隔符在Windows上为\,在macOS和基于Unix的操作系统上为/。
2.构造一个文件路径
Java提供了一些方法来从目录列表中构建文件路径。
这里,我们使用Paths类。
Path path = Paths.get("dir1", "dir2");
让我们在Microsoft Windows上测试一下。
assertEquals("dir1\\dir2", path.toString());
同样,我们也可以在Linux或Mac上测试它。
assertEquals("dir1/dir2", path.toString());
我们也可以使用文件类。
File file = new File("file1", "file2");
让我们在Microsoft Windows上测试一下。
assertEquals("dir1\\dir2", path.toString());
同样,我们也可以在Linux或Mac上测试它。
assertEquals("dir1/dir2", path.toString());
正如我们所看到的,我们可以只提供路径字符串来构建一个文件路径---我们不需要明确地包括一个文件分隔符。
3.路径分隔符
路径分隔符是操作系统常用的一个字符,用于分隔路径列表中的各个路径。
3.1.获取路径分隔符
我们可以用File.pathSeparator来获取路径分隔符的String。
String pathSeparator = File.pathSeparator;
我们也可以以char的形式获得路径分隔符。
char pathSeparatorChar = File.pathSeparatorChar;
这两个例子都返回了路径分隔符。在Windows上是分号;,在Mac和基于Unix的操作系统上是冒号:。
3.2.构造一个文件路径
我们可以用分隔符作为分隔符来构建一个String的文件路径。
让我们试试String.join方法:
String[] pathNames = { "path2", "path3", "path4" }; String path = String.join(File.pathSeparator, pathNames);
这里我们在Windows上测试我们的代码。
assertEquals("path2;path3;path4", path);
而文件路径在Linux或Mac上看起来会有所不同。
assertEquals("path2:path3:path4", path);
类似地,我们可以使用StringJoiner类:
public static StringJoiner buildPathUsingStringJoiner(String path2, String path3) { StringJoiner joiner = new StringJoiner(File.pathSeparator); joiner.add(path2); joiner.add(path3); return joiner; }
让我们在Microsoft Windows上测试我们的代码。
assertEquals("path2;path3", buildPathUsingStringJoiner("path2", "path3"));
而且它在Mac或Unix上的表现会有所不同。
assertEquals("path2:path3", buildPathUsingStringJoiner("path2", "path3"));
The above is the detailed content of How to use file separator and path separator in Java?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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