How to implement live push and pull streaming in php

With the continuous development of the live broadcast industry, live push and pull streaming technology has become one of the important supports for the development of the live broadcast industry. As a language widely used in Web development, PHP can also be used to implement live push-pull streaming functions. This article will introduce the process of implementing live push-pull streaming in PHP.

1. What is live push-pull streaming technology

Live push-pull streaming technology refers to the transmission of audio and video data through the network using push mode or pull mode so that real-time audio and video can be played on the receiving end. flow. Push mode means that the live broadcast source actively pushes audio and video streams to the server, while pull mode means that the client pulls audio and video streams to the server through the network. Both modes can achieve real-time live broadcast.

2. Live streaming media server

To implement live push-pull streaming technology, a live streaming media server is required. Common live streaming media servers include open source Nginx-rtmp, SRS and commercial Wowza. Among them, Nginx-rtmp is a free open source server that is relatively simple to use, while SRS is a more powerful server that supports multiple protocols, but is more complicated to use and requires certain technical skills.

3. PHP implements live streaming

To implement live streaming, you first need to obtain the audio and video streams and push them to the server. Although PHP is a web development language, it can obtain and process audio and video streams by calling open source tools such as FFmpeg, and push the audio and video streams to the live streaming media server through the RTMP protocol.

First install FFmpeg, you can use the following command:

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg

Then use FFmpeg to obtain the audio and video stream and push it to the live broadcast server, you can use the following PHP code:

$cmd = "ffmpeg -re -i /path/to/video.mp4 -vcodec copy -acodec aac -strict -2 -f flv rtmp://your-live-server.com/app/streamkey";
exec($cmd);

Among them, /path/to/video.mp4 is the local video file path, rtmp://your-live-server.com/app/streamkey is the live streaming server RTMP push address.

4. Implementing live streaming with PHP

To implement live streaming, you first need to obtain the audio and video streams on the live streaming media server. PHP can use open source tools such as FFmpeg and libcurl to obtain audio and video streams, and use technologies such as HTML5 Video or Flash to display them on Web pages.

Use FFmpeg to obtain audio and video streams, you can use the following PHP code:

$cmd = "ffmpeg -i rtmp://your-live-server.com/app/streamkey -f mpegts -codec:v mpeg1video -codec:a mp2 -s 640x360 -b:v 800k -b:a 128k -bf 0 -muxdelay 0.001 http://localhost:8080";
exec($cmd);

Among them, rtmp://your-live-server.com/app/streamkey is The RTMP streaming address of the live streaming media server, http://localhost:8080 is the address of the local HTTP server.

Use libcurl to obtain the audio and video stream. You can use the following PHP code:

$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "rtmp://your-live-server.com/app/streamkey");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
$result = curl_exec($ch);

After obtaining the audio and video stream, you can use HTML5 Video to display it on the Web page:

<video id="live-video" src="http://localhost:8080"></video>

You can also use Flash and other technologies to display it on a Web page.

5. Summary

This article introduces the process of implementing live push-pull streaming in PHP and gives corresponding code examples. Although PHP is not the mainstream language for live push-pull streaming technology, in some scenarios, it is feasible to use PHP to implement live push-pull streaming. No matter what language is used, implementing live push-pull streaming technology requires correct technical solutions and practical experience, and requires continuous learning and experimentation.

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