Principles and techniques of concurrent programming
1. Single responsibility principle. Separate concurrency-related code from other code.
2. Limit data scope. Two threads may interfere with each other when modifying the same field of a shared object, leading to unpredictable behavior. One solution is to construct critical sections, but the number of critical sections must be limited.
3. Use data copies. Data copies are a good way to avoid sharing data; copied objects are treated as read-only.
4. Threads should be as independent as possible. Let threads exist in their own world and not share data with other threads.
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