How to get started building the Laravel framework (tutorial)

With the development of the Internet, the demand for web development is growing day by day. In the field of web development, the PHP language has always played an important role, and Laravel is the most popular web development framework under the PHP language. In this article, we will introduce how to get started building the Laravel framework.

1. Introduction to Laravel

Laravel is an open source PHP web framework created by Taylor Otwell in 2011. The Laravel framework is built on the MVC pattern, which provides a series of flexible tools and components to help developers build web applications faster and better. An important feature of the Laravel framework is its emphasis on developer-friendliness and concise and elegant coding style.

Advantages of Laravel:

1. Perfect MVC: Laravel framework forces the use of MVC (Model-View-Controller) design pattern, optimizes the code structure, and makes the application easier to maintain;

2. Artisan command line tool: The Laravel framework provides a powerful command line tool Artisan, which can easily generate code, data migration, task scheduling, etc.;

3. Comes with ORM: Laravel comes with With ORM (Eloquent), you can perform database operations very well;

4. Comes with a template engine: The Laravel framework has a built-in Blade template engine, which makes it easier to write templates;

5. High security: The Laravel framework has built-in security, including cross-site scripting, cross-site request forgery, SQL injection, etc., and uses the Bcrypt encryption algorithm.

2. Build Laravel environment

1. Install XAMPP environment

XAMPP is a free, open source, cross-platform web server software package, which includes Apache, MySQL , PHP and Perl. In the XAMPP environment, we can build the Laravel framework.

First, we need to download the latest version of XAMPP from the XAMPP official website. During the installation process, we only need to click "Next". After the installation is completed, open the XAMPP control panel, start the Apache and MySQL services, and ensure that they are both running.

2. Install Composer

Composer is a dependency management tool for PHP, and the Laravel framework is managed using Composer. We need to download and install the latest version of Composer.

After downloading and installing, open the command line tool and enter "composer -V" to confirm that composer has been successfully installed.

3. Create a Laravel project

Open the command line tool and enter the following command to create a new Laravel project:

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel blog

A project named "blog" is created here Laravel project, --prefer-dist means to download the project source code from Laravel's Github code base through Composer and create the project.

After installation, we can enter the blog directory, enter "php artisan serve" to start Laravel's web server, and then enter "http://localhost:8000/" in the browser to access our Laravel project .

3. Laravel project structure

In the Laravel project, there are several very important directories:

1.app directory: This directory is the logical layer where the application is stored. The code includes the Model, View and Controller of our application;

2.bootstrap directory: This directory contains the framework settings and framework boot code;

3.config directory: here Stores all the configuration files of our application, including our database configuration, session configuration, mail service provider, etc.;

4.database directory: This directory contains the data migration and data filling of our application Script;

5.public directory: This directory stores the entrance index.php of our application and files related to public resources, such as images, JavaScript, CSS, etc.;

6 .resources directory: All view files of the application are stored here;

7.routes directory: This directory contains all routes of our application, and all HTTP requests are processed by routes;

8.storage directory: This directory includes multiple subdirectories such as storage/logs, storage/app/public and storage/framework. All files of the application are stored in these directories;

9.tests directory: this The directory contains all the test cases for our application.

4. Laravel's routing definition

In Laravel, routing is implemented through routers defined in routes/web.php or routes/api.php files. The Laravel framework provides many hooks that can route requests to specified controller methods to complete corresponding logic.

Laravel routing syntax:

Route::[get|post|put|delete] (’URI’, ‘控制器对应的函数名’);

For example:

Route::get('article/{id}', 'ArticleController@show');

This code indicates that when we request article/1 through the GET method, the show method of ArticleController will be called and directed to It provides 1 as parameter.

5. Conclusion

This article introduces the entry-level construction of the Laravel framework. The Laravel framework has a good architecture that helps developers build web applications faster and better. I hope readers can gain a certain understanding of the Laravel framework through this article and be able to easily build their own web applications in the future.

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