[Summary] Conversion methods between various data types in golang

With the development of the Internet and technology, the demand for data analysis and processing is increasing. In data analysis and processing, data often needs to be transformed for better analysis and processing. As an efficient and concise programming language, golang provides a wealth of data conversion methods and tools. This article will introduce the conversion methods between various data types in golang and how to implement conversion of custom data types.

1. Conversion between basic data types

In golang, conversion of basic data types is the simplest. They can be implemented through forced type conversion, as shown below:

var a int = 10
var b float64 = float64(a) //将int类型转换为float64类型

In this example, we convert the int type variable a into a float64 type variable b. It should be noted that when performing type casting, you need to ensure that the target type can accommodate the source type, otherwise precision loss or overflow will occur.

2. Conversion between strings and other data types

In golang, strings are a basic data type. When performing data conversion, it is often necessary to convert strings into other data types. Type conversion. The following is the conversion method between strings and other data types:

//将字符串转换为整型
s := "123"
i, _ := strconv.Atoi(s)

//将整型转换为字符串
i := 123
s := strconv.Itoa(i)

//将字符串转换为浮点数
s := "3.14"
f, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(s, 64) 

//将浮点数转换为字符串
f := 3.14
s := strconv.FormatFloat(f, 'f', 2, 64)

//将字符串转换为布尔值
s := "true"
b, _ := strconv.ParseBool(s)

//将布尔值转换为字符串
b := true
s := strconv.FormatBool(b)

3. Conversion of arrays and slices

In golang, arrays and slices are commonly used data structures. When processing data, they often need to be transformed. The following is the conversion method between arrays and slices:

//将数组转换为切片
arr := [5]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
sli := arr[:]

//将切片转换为数组
sli := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
arr := [5]int{}
copy(arr[:], sli) //只拷贝长度相同的元素

It should be noted that when converting a slice to an array, since the length of the array is fixed, you need to use the copy function to copy the elements in the slice Copied into array.

4. Conversion of custom data types

In practical applications, we will encounter many custom data types that require data conversion. The following is how to implement custom data type conversion:

type ID string
type User struct {
    id ID
    name string
}

//将ID类型转换为字符串类型
func (id ID) String() string {
    return string(id)
}

//将字符串类型转换为ID类型
func ToID(s string) ID {
    return ID(s)
}

//将User结构体转换为字符串类型
func (u User) String() string {
    return fmt.Sprintf("{ID: %v, Name: %s}", u.id, u.name)
}

In this example, we define two custom data types ID and User, and implement conversion between them and strings. It should be noted that when converting custom data types, we need to use methods instead of functions, and we need to consider the safety and accuracy of type conversion.

Summary

In golang, conversion between data types is very common and necessary. We can use the rich data conversion tools and methods provided by golang to achieve various types. conversion. Especially for data analysis and processing, data type conversion is common and necessary. Mastering the method of data type conversion will help us better perform data processing and analysis.

The above is the detailed content of [Summary] Conversion methods between various data types in golang. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!