How to use task scheduling in Laravel application

Laravel is a popular PHP framework that provides many available components and tools, including task scheduling. In this article, we will see how to use task scheduling in Laravel applications.

What is task scheduling?
Task scheduling refers to the technology of executing some specified tasks according to plan. For example, back up your database every hour or send reports every day. In Laravel, task scheduling is similar to Cron Tabs, but easier to implement and manage.

The task scheduler in Laravel uses Artisan command line tools to manage scheduling, including CRON sockets and Powershell.

Let's see how to implement task scheduling in Laravel.

The first step - create a task
Creating a task is the first step to implement task scheduling. Scheduling tasks in Laravel are presented in the form of classes. Converting tasks into classes allows for better management and testing by defining the logic to be executed. Let us create a sample task TutorialTask:

<?php

namespace App\Jobs;

use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;

class TutorialTask implements ShouldQueue
{
    use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;

    /**
     * Execute the job.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function handle()
    {
        // Your logic to execute every minute.
        \Log::info(&#39;Task executed at &#39;.now());
    }
}

The logic of this task is very simple, recording one message to the log every minute. Now, we have created a task, but it will not execute automatically. We need to set up the schedule for it.

Step 2 - Set up the schedule in the console
Laravel provides many methods for adding tasks to the schedule. Here, we use the schedule method to set the schedule in the console. The

$schedule->job(new TutorialTask)->everyMinute();

everyMinute method indicates that this task will be executed every minute. You can use other predefined methods such as hourly (hourly), daily (daily), monthly (monthly) or weekly (weekly).

Alternatively, you can define our own frequency rule:

$schedule->job(new TutorialTask)->everyFiveMinutes();

This rule specifies that the task should run every five minutes.

Step 3 - Start the task scheduler
Now that we have set up the schedule for the task, we need to start the task scheduler. We can run the scheduler on the server, or use Laravel's own scheduler, which is run by setting up Cron Tab.

Run the following command in the console:

* * * * * cd /path-to-your-project && php artisan schedule:run >> /dev/null 2>&1

This command will run Laravel's scheduler every minute. You need to replace /path-to-your-project with the path to your Laravel application. >> /dev/null indicates that all output will be forwarded to /dev/null.

Final step - start the queue (if needed)
If your application uses queues, you need to enable the queue scheduler. Laravel uses backend drivers like Redis or Beanstalkd to handle queue tasks. You need to enable the queue scheduler by following these steps:

Define QUEUE_DRIVER in the .env file:

QUEUE_DRIVER=redis

in config/queue Set the queue connection in .php:

'default' => env('QUEUE_DRIVER', 'redis'),

'connections' => [
    .....
     'redis' => [
            'driver' => 'redis',
            'connection' => 'your-default-redis-connection',
            'queue' => env('REDIS_QUEUE', 'default'),
            'retry_after' => 90,
        ],
  .....
]

Modify the .env file to specify the queue connection:

REDIS_HOST=127.0.0.1
REDIS_PASSWORD=null
REDIS_PORT=6379
REDIS_QUEUE=default

Now start the queue scheduler:

php artisan queue:work redis --daemon

This command will start the queue scheduler and start executing tasks.

Conclusion:
The task scheduling feature in Laravel allows you to execute commands, execute programs or send emails on demand. By creating scheduled tasks and adding them to the task list, you can easily manage and execute tasks. During this process, remember to turn on the scheduler or queue scheduler so that tasks run at scheduled times or in a priority queue. Good luck using the Laravel task scheduler to improve your application's performance and responsiveness.

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