How does nginx forward requests to the Golang backend server?

Nginx is a powerful web server and reverse proxy server. It can be used for HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, POP3 and IMAP protocols. It is a high-performance, high-stability web server. Golang is a programming language developed by Google. It has the characteristics of high efficiency and simplicity. Therefore, Golang is often used to write back-end programs in applications with separate front-end and back-end. In order to improve the performance and scalability of the application, we usually need to use Nginx as a reverse proxy to forward the request to the Golang backend server.

Before configuring Nginx as a reverse proxy server, we need to confirm that the Golang application has been installed and running on the server. We can confirm whether Golang has been installed through the following command:

go version

If the version number is returned, Golang has been successfully installed. Next, we need to enable the HTTP service in the Golang application, as shown below:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello, Golang!")
    })

    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

In this code, we define an HTTP processing function that will return "Hello, Golang!" when a request is received. ". Then, we use the http.ListenAndServe() function to register the HTTP service on port 8080.

Next, we configure Nginx as a reverse proxy server to forward requests to the Golang backend server. We can add the following content to the Nginx configuration file:

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

    location / {
        proxy_pass       http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }
}

In this code, we define a server block, use the listen directive to set the port Nginx listens to, use server_name directive sets the server name. Then, we use the location directive to define a request path and forward the request to the http://127.0.0.1:8080 address. At the same time, we use the proxy_set_header directive to set some HTTP header information so that the Golang application can correctly obtain the client IP address.

Now, we can use the following command to test whether Nginx has successfully forwarded the request to the Golang application:

curl http://localhost/

If "Hello, Golang!" is returned, Nginx has been successful. Forward the request to the Golang backend server.

To summarize, before configuring Nginx as a reverse proxy server, we need to confirm that the Golang application has been installed and running on the server. Then, we enable Golang's HTTP service and configure Nginx as a reverse proxy server to forward the request to the Golang backend server. Of course, for a specific application, detailed configuration is required based on the actual situation.

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