How to solve the problem of garbled characters in php

In Web development, PHP language is a very common language, but in the process of using PHP to write websites, sometimes you will encounter the problem of garbled characters, which often causes great trouble to developers. This article will introduce how to solve the problem of garbled characters in PHP.

1. What is garbled characters

When we use PHP to write websites, we often encounter the problem of garbled Chinese characters. In other words, when we expect to output a paragraph of Chinese characters, some incomprehensible characters are output, which means garbled characters appear.

2. Reasons for garbled characters

Garbled characters are usually caused by character set mismatch or character set conversion errors. The main reasons are as follows:

1. characters Inconsistent coding: If the website coding, database coding, web server coding, etc. are not unified, garbled codes will easily occur.
2. Database garbled code: The encoding method of the database is incorrect, which will cause the data read from the database to be garbled.
3. Inconsistent file encoding: If the encoding method used when editing a web page is inconsistent with the actual encoding method, garbled characters will result.

3. Solve the garbled code problem

1. Check the character set

Before solving the garbled code problem, you must first check the website, database, server, etc. Are all character sets consistent? If they are inconsistent, they need to be set in different places to ensure the consistency of the character set.

In PHP, you can use the header function to set the character set, for example:

header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");

This code tells the browser that the web page is encoded using the utf-8 character set, so as to avoid garbled characters. In addition, when connecting to the database, you also need to specify the character set to be used. You can add the following statement to the code for connecting to the database:

mysqli_set_charset($link,"utf8");

This sentence The code tells PHP to use the utf-8 character set for connection operations, which can also avoid garbled characters.

2. Convert character set

If the inconsistent character sets cause garbled characters, you can also use some PHP functions to convert the character set, such as:

iconv($in_charset, $out_charset, $str)

This function is used to convert the $str string from the $in_charset character set to the $out_charset character set and return the converted string.

mb_convert_encoding($str, $to_encoding, $from_encoding)

This function is used to convert a string from the $from_encoding character set to the $to_encoding character set and return the converted string.

When using these functions, you need to pay attention to the setting of the charset parameter to ensure correct conversion of the character set.

3. Check the file encoding

If the garbled problem is caused by the file encoding, you can use the editor's "Save As" function to select the correct encoding method to save. .

4. Check whether there are illegal characters

When using PHP to process strings, if the string contains invisible characters or illegal characters, it will also cause garbled characters. At this time, you need to use PHP's regular expressions to delete these characters to ensure that Chinese characters can be output correctly without illegal characters.

5. Summary

In Web development, garbled characters are a relatively common problem. In PHP, we can solve the problem of garbled characters by checking the character set, converting the character set, checking the file encoding, checking whether there are illegal characters, etc., so as to ensure that the website outputs Chinese normally. At the same time, when developing a website, attention should also be paid to the uniformity of character sets in all aspects to avoid garbled characters.

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