How to implement https forwarding using Golang

Golang is a popular programming language for writing efficient and high-performance web applications. In recent years, due to its powerful development and operation capabilities, more and more companies and developers choose to use Golang for development. During development, some applications require https forwarding, so how to use Golang to implement https forwarding?

Before introducing the implementation method, let us first understand the concept of https. https is the abbreviation of Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure, which is simply the secure version of HTTP. https is more secure than http because https uses random numbers, encryption functions, and digital signatures to encrypt and authenticate data. In https, the communication between the client and the server is encrypted, which ensures the security of data transmission.

Before implementing https forwarding, we need to prepare the following work:

1. SSL certificate: Before implementing https forwarding, we need to obtain an SSL certificate from the CA (Certificate Authority) to ensure Security of data transmission.
2. Go language environment: We need to install the Go language environment locally.

Next, we will introduce the method of implementing https forwarding through Golang:

1. Introducing the net/http and crypto/tls libraries

In Go language, we can implement http requests and responses through the net/http library. When implementing https requests, we need to introduce the crypto/tls library.

import (
    "crypto/tls"
    "net/http"
)

2. Configure TLS client

When performing https forwarding, we need to set up the TLS client to ensure the security of data transmission. Before configuring TLS, we need to obtain the certificate from the CA (Certificate Authority) and then load the certificate. The code is as follows:

cert, err := tls.LoadX509KeyPair("server.crt", "server.key")
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}

config := &tls.Config{Certificates: []tls.Certificate{cert}, ServerName: "example.com"}

Among them, the LoadX509KeyPair function loads the certificate under the specified path. The Certificates array contains the client certificate and private key. ServerName is the name of the server and must be specified.

3. Set up the proxy server

Next, we need to set up the proxy server to achieve https forwarding. In the go language, we can use the ReverseProxy function of the httputil library to implement proxy server settings. The code is as follows:

proxyUrl, _ := url.Parse("https://target-server.com")
proxy := httputil.NewSingleHostReverseProxy(proxyUrl)

server := &http.Server{
    Addr:    ":8080",
    Handler: proxy,
    TLSConfig: config,
    TLSNextProto: make(map[string]func(*http.Server, *tls.Conn, http.Handler), 0),
}

log.Fatal(server.ListenAndServeTLS("", ""))

Among them, replace target-server.com with the actual proxy server address, create a proxy and forward the proxy request to the target server. The ListenAndServeTLS function is used to start the server and can specify the TCP port number and SSL certificate path. So, how does this code work?

The browser sends an https request to the server.

After the server receives the request, the TLS client performs authentication and encryption, and creates a reverse proxy server to forward the request to the target server.

After the target server receives the request, it returns the response to the reverse proxy server.

The reverse proxy server forwards the response to the client to complete https forwarding.

The above is how to implement https forwarding through Golang. The powerful features of Golang greatly simplify the implementation process of https and improve development efficiency. Therefore, if you need to implement https forwarding in your application, Golang is a good choice.

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