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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialMySQL5.7的错误堆栈缓冲_MySQL

什么是错误缓冲堆栈呢? 举个很简单的例子,比如执行下面一条语句:

mysql> INSERT INTO t_datetime VALUES(2,'4','5');
ERROR 1292 (22007): Incorrect datetime value: '4' for column 'log_time' at row 1

上面1292这个代码指示的错误信息保存在哪里呢? 就保存在错误缓冲堆栈, 在MySQL里面叫 DIAGNOSTICS AREA。 关于这个概念,一直在MySQL5.7才得到确定的更新。
在MySQL5.5之前,想要得到这块区域的数据,就只能通过C的API来获取,从SQL层面是无法检索到的。MySQL5.5 先推出了这个概念。
在MySQL5.6发布后,不但可以检索这块区域,而且还可以重新封装,得到我们想要的数据。但是这块区域依然是只能保存一次错误代码,很容易被重置。
在MySQL5.7发布后,可以更加容易的检索这块区域,而且把这里的数据放到一个STACK里,重置的条件更加宽松。以下举例子来说明。

示例表结构如下,

CREATE TABLE `t_datetime` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`log_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
`end_time` datetime NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

用来记录错误数据的日志表。

CREATE TABLE tb_log (errorno int,errortext TEXT,error_timestamp DATETIME);

在MySQL5.6环境下,我要这样写一段繁杂的代码来获取错误信息。

DELIMITER $$


USE `new_feature`$$


DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `sp_do_insert`$$


CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `sp_do_insert`(
IN f_id INT,
IN f_log_time VARCHAR(255),
IN f_end_time VARCHAR(255)
)
BEGIN
  DECLARE done1 TINYINT DEFAULT 0; -- 保存是否发生异常的布尔值。
  DECLARE i TINYINT DEFAULT 1;
  DECLARE v_errcount INT DEFAULT 0;  -- 获取一次错误数据条数
  DECLARE v_errno INT DEFAULT 0; -- 获取错误代码
  DECLARE v_msg TEXT; -- 获取错误详细信息
  DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR SQLEXCEPTION -- 定义一个异常处理块
  BEGIN
    SET done1 = 1; -- 发生异常,设置为1.
    get  diagnostics v_errcount = number;
    SET v_msg = '';
    WHILE i <= v_errcount
    DO
      GET  DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION i
        v_errno = MYSQL_ERRNO, v_msg = MESSAGE_TEXT;
        SET @stmt = CONCAT(&#39;select &#39;,v_errno,&#39;,"&#39;,v_msg,&#39;","&#39;,NOW(),&#39;" into @errno&#39;,i,&#39;,@msg&#39;,i,&#39;,
        @log_timestamp&#39;,i,&#39;;&#39;);
        PREPARE s1 FROM @stmt;
        EXECUTE s1;
      SET i = i + 1;
    END WHILE;
    DROP PREPARE s1;
  END;
    INSERT INTO t_datetime (id,log_time,end_time) VALUES(f_id,f_log_time,f_end_time);
    IF done1 = 1 THEN -- 把错误数据记录到表tb_log里。
      SET i = 1;
      WHILE i <= v_errcount
      DO
        SET @stmt = CONCAT(&#39;insert into tb_log &#39;);
        SET @stmt = CONCAT(@stmt,&#39; select @errno&#39;,i,&#39;,@msg&#39;,i,&#39;,@log_timestamp&#39;);
        PREPARE s1 FROM @stmt;
        EXECUTE s1;
        SET i = i + 1;
      END WHILE;
      DROP PREPARE s1;
    END IF;
END$$


DELIMITER ;



MySQL5.7发布后,现在可以精简我的代码了。

DELIMITER $$


USE `new_feature`$$


DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `sp_do_insert`$$


CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `sp_do_insert`(
IN f_id INT,
IN f_log_time VARCHAR(255),
IN f_end_time VARCHAR(255)
)
BEGIN
  DECLARE i TINYINT DEFAULT 1;
  DECLARE v_errcount INT DEFAULT 0; -- 获取一次错误数据条数
  DECLARE v_errno INT DEFAULT 0;  -- 获取错误代码
  DECLARE v_msg TEXT; -- 获取错误详细信息
  DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR SQLEXCEPTION  -- 定义一个异常处理块
  BEGIN
    get stacked diagnostics v_errcount = number;
    WHILE i <= v_errcount
    DO
      GET stacked DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION i -- 把错误数据分别保存在变量里
        v_errno = MYSQL_ERRNO, v_msg = MESSAGE_TEXT;
        INSERT INTO tb_log VALUES (v_errno,v_msg,NOW());
      SET i = i + 1;
    END WHILE;
  END;
    INSERT INTO t_datetime (id,log_time,end_time) VALUES(f_id,f_log_time,f_end_time);  
END$$


DELIMITER ;





现在来执行下:
mysql> call sp_do_insert(2,'4','5');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)




来检索表tb_log的数据。

mysql> select * from tb_log\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
        errorno: 1265
      errortext: Data truncated for column &#39;log_time&#39; at row 1
error_timestamp: 2015-11-17 11:53:10
*************************** 2. row ***************************
        errorno: 1265
      errortext: Data truncated for column &#39;end_time&#39; at row 1
error_timestamp: 2015-11-17 11:53:10
*************************** 3. row ***************************
        errorno: 1062
      errortext: Duplicate entry &#39;2&#39; for key &#39;PRIMARY&#39;
error_timestamp: 2015-11-17 11:53:10
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)


总结下, 如果先用到DIAGNOSTICS AREA, 最好是在存储过程里面写代码封装SQL。

    

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