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What does echo mean in linux?

Mar 02, 2023 am 10:23 AM
echo linux

echo在linux里是一个用于字符串输出的命令;echo命令的语法是“echo [-neE]  [arg ...]”,其中参数“-n”表示输出字符串不换行,参数“-e”表示对于转义字符按对应的方式进行处理,参数“-E”表示禁用转义解释。

What does echo mean in linux?

本教程操作环境:linux5.9.8系统、Dell G3电脑。

echo在linux里是什么意思?

linux命令:echo

Shell中的echo命令类似于php中的echo命令,都是用于输出。Shell中另有一个输出命令为printf命令

本文中的一系列实例用到的命令我都是在终端直接写的,输出也是输出在终端,这样方便学习和记录吧!其实也都可以放到脚本文件中执行。

一、语法

echo [-neE]  [arg ...]

(1)含义
-n:表示输出字符串不换行
-e:表示对于转义字符按对应的方式进行处理(若不加-e ,那么在输出时转义字符会按照普通字符进行处理,并不会达到自己想要达到的目的。)
-E:禁用转义解释

转义字符 含义
\b 删除前一个字符
\n 换行
\t 水平制表符(tab)
\v 垂直制表符(tab)
\c \c后面的字符将不会输出,输出完毕后也不会换行
\r 光标移动到首行,不换行
\f 换行,光标停在原处
\e 删除后一个字符
\ 输出\
\0nnn 输出八进制nnn代表的ASCII字符
\xHH 输出十六进制数HH代表的ASCII字符
\a 输出一个警告的声音

(2)实例

[root@localhost my_shell]# echo "hello "hello 
[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -n "hello "hello [root@localhost my_shell]# echo  "hello \b"hello \b[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -e "hello \b"hello 
[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -en "hello \b"hello[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -e "hello\tworld"hello	world[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -e "hello\nworld"hello
world[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -e "hello\vworld"hello
     world[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -e "hello\cworld"hello[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -e "hello\rworld"world[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -e "hello\aworld"helloworld[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -e "hello\cworld"hello[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -e "\ehelloworld"elloworld[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -e "hello\\world"hello\world[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -e "\x31"1[root@localhost my_shell]# echo -e "\0123"S

(3)具体用法
  上面介绍的主要是一些输出字符串相关的具体用法,下面详细例举一些echo命令的其他用法。
1、显示普通字符串

[root@localhost ~]# echo "hello world"hello world[root@localhost ~]# echo hello worldhello world#双引号可以省略,效果一致。(字符串的输出都是如此,下面一些实例也是可以省略双引号也能达到相同效果)

2、显示变量
  这里用到read命令(从标准输入中读取一行,并把输入行的每个字段的值指定给 shell 变量)

[root@localhost ~]# read nameMichael Zhang[root@localhost ~]# echo "My name is $name"My name is Michael Zhang

3、显示换行

[root@localhost ~]# echo -e "hello \nworld"hello 
world

4、显示不换行

#!/bin/shecho -e "OK! \c" # -e 开启转义 \c 不换行echo "hello world"#结果如下OK! hello world

5、显示转义字符

[root@localhost ~]# echo "\"hello world\"""hello world"

6、重定向
结果输出到文件

echo "hello world" > my_file#将hello world输出到my_file文件

7、原样输出
用单引号可原样输出。

[root@localhost ~]# echo '$name\"'$name\"[root@localhost ~]# echo '$name'$name

8、显示命令执行结果

#显示当前日期[root@localhost ~]# echo `date`Sat Jan 2 23:12:39 CST 2021

这里使用的是反引号`, 而不是单引号’。
实际上输出一些执行命令的结果就是这样用反引号。

二、echo的重定向

重定向是Shell中的一个重要内容。
echo命令的重定向功能经常被用于清空文件内容(删除文件)时使用

(1)echo "content" > filename
将content覆盖到filename文件当中去,filename文件当中之前的内容不复存在了,实际上是修改了原文件的内容。

(2)echo "content" >> filename
将content追加到filename文件后,对filename文件之前的内容不修改,只进行增添,也叫追加重定向。

(3)实例

[root@localhost my_shell]# touch test[root@localhost my_shell]# cat test [root@localhost my_shell]# lltotal 4-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 175 Nov  6 17:46 del.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   0 Nov  7 23:33 test[root@localhost my_shell]# echo "123456" > test[root@localhost my_shell]# cat test123456[root@localhost my_shell]# echo "111111" > test[root@localhost my_shell]# cat test111111[root@localhost my_shell]# echo "123456" >> test[root@localhost my_shell]# cat test111111123456[root@localhost my_shell]#

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