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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorialmysql8.0.13安装、使用教程图解

MySQL是最流行的关系型数据库管理系统之一,在 WEB 应用方面,MySQL是最好的 RDBMS (Relational Database Management System,关系数据库管理系统) 应用软件。(mysql相关学习视频推荐:mysql教程

mysql8.0.13安装、使用教程图解

下面我们给大家介绍mysql8.0.13安装图解教程(解压版)

mysql8.0.13安装步骤如下:

步骤一:先到官网下载MySQL https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

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步骤二:解压到自己要安装的文件夹或磁盘里,解压后的所有文件:

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步骤三:安装版的会有一个my.ini文件,解压版的没有,所以我们需要自己在根目录下新建一个,写入基础设置

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[mysqld]
# 设置3306端口
port=3306
# 设置mysql的安装目录,这里根据自己的解压目录来写
basedir=E:\mysql-8.0.13-winx64
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录,解压后的文件里有个Data文件夹
datadir=E:\mysql-8.0.13-winx64\Data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 允许连接失败的次数。
max_connect_errors=10
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为UTF8
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
# 默认使用“mysql_native_password”插件认证
#mysql_native_password
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
[client]
# 设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8

步骤四:以管理员运行cmd进入命令提示符窗口

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步骤五:进入MySQL的解压安装目录下的bin文件下

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步骤六:接着输入mysqld --initialize --console,等待一会出现下面的代码,root@localhost:后面的是随机生成的数据库密码,记下来后面要用到,当然要是不小心关掉了或者没记住,删掉初始化的 data目录,再执行一遍初始化命令又会重新生成。

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步骤七:输入mysqld --install安装mysql服务,输入net start mysql启动服务,备注:mysqld --remove是卸载MySQL服务,net stop mysql是停止服务。

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步骤八:接着输入命令mysql -u root -p,会让你输入密码,这个密码就是之前记下来的那个随机生成的密码,进入mysql命令模式

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步骤九:随机生成的密码太复杂,未免我们忘记建议改成我们常用好好记的密码,更改密码:输入命令ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '新密码';出现下面的情况就成功了,mysql_native_password是密码加密的格式,只有改成mysql_native_password才能链接navicat,到这里数据路就已经安装完毕了

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步骤十:一些常用的操作和常见问题:
创建新用户: CREATE USER '用户名'@'host名称' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '密码';
给新用户授权:GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO '用户名'@'host名称';
刷新权限: FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

1. MySQL8.0.12不能连接Navicat
原因:MySQL8.0与MySQL5.0所采用的加密方式规则不一样,所以导致 Navicat打不开。可通过select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;查看密码的规则。

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如上图,plugin这一列就是对应用户的加密规则,可以看到我的root用户的加密规则是:mysql_native_password,这是因为我已经设置过了,默认的是:caching_sha2_password,所以我们只需要将默认的caching_sha2_password改为mysql_native_password即可。

解决方案:输入ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '新密码';即可修改root用户的加密规则以及密码。

2. 授权出错,显示You are not allowed to create a user with GRANT
原因:在网上有很多教程说当出现The user specified as a definer ('root'@'%') does not exist时表示root用户权限不足,只需要执行GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';就可以了,但是往往又会出现You are not allowed to create a user with GRANT的错误提示。这是因为GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';这条语句中@'%'中的百分号其实是root用户对应host的名称,很多人并没有注意到他的root用户对应的其实是localhost,直接就执行了上面的语句,所以才会报错。

解决方案:只要将GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';中的%改为对应的host名称即可,最后还要刷新一下权限FLUSH PRIVILEGES; 。

特别说明:网上说%表示通配所有的host,但是操作时并不成功,不明白是为什么,我猜想可能与MySQL8.0版本有关系。

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推荐学习:

01:mysql在线参考手册:http://www.php.cn/course/37.html

02:mysql视频教程:http://www.php.cn/course/list/51.html

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