


linux登录oracle需要安装:1、Oracle依赖包,从Oracle官方文档即可获取;2、Oracle软件。Oracle软件的安装方法:1、上传Oracle软件包并解压;2、进入Oracle安装目录,执行“./runInstaller -jreLoc /etc/alternatives/jre_1.8.0”命令进行安装。
本教程操作环境:linux7.3系统、Dell G3电脑。
1、安装Oracle依赖包
如下依赖包从Oracle官方文档推荐获取:
yum install -y bc \ binutils \ compat-libcap1 \ compat-libstdc++-33 \ gcc \ gcc-c++ \ elfutils-libelf \ elfutils-libelf-devel \ glibc \ glibc-devel \ ksh \ libaio \ libaio-devel \ libgcc \ libstdc++ \ libstdc++-devel \ libxcb \ libX11 \ libXau \ libXi \ libXtst \ libXrender \ libXrender-devel \ make \ net-tools \ nfs-utils \ smartmontools \ sysstat \ e2fsprogs \ e2fsprogs-libs \ fontconfig-devel \ expect \ unzip \ openssh-clients \ readline* \ psmisc --skip-broken
检查是否安装成功:
rpm -q bc binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libxcb libX11 libXau libXi libXtst libXrender libXrender-devel make net-tools nfs-utils smartmontools sysstat e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-libs fontconfig-devel expect unzip openssh-clients readline
Linux7需要手动安装compat-libstdc++依赖包:
rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
2、创建Oracle安装目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory mkdir -p /oradata chown -R oracle:oinstall /oradata chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app chmod -R 775 /u01/app
3、配置用户环境变量
cat <<EOF >>/home/oracle/.bash_profile ################OracleBegin######################### umask 022 export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=\$TMP export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8 export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=orcl export ORACLE_TERM=xterm export TNS_ADMIN=\$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export ORACLE_SID=orcl export PATH=/usr/sbin:\$PATH export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:\$PATH alias sas='sqlplus / as sysdba' export PS1="[\`whoami\`@\`hostname\`:"'\$PWD]\$ ' EOF
4、Oracle软件安装
1)、Oracle软件包上传
[root@orcl soft]# ll -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1395582860 May 31 16:56 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1151304589 May 31 16:56 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
2)、解压Oracle软件安装包
需要按顺序解压1,2安装包:
cd /soft unzip -q p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip unzip -q p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip ##授权/soft给oracle读写权限 chown -R oracle:oinstall /soft
进入/soft/database开始安装Oracle软件:
./runInstaller -jreLoc /etc/alternatives/jre_1.8.0
上传pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5.x86_64.rpm依赖包,安装:
rpm -e ksh-20120801-142.el7.x86_64 rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5.x86_64.rpm
点击再次检查,忽略swap警告:
解决方案:
su - oracle sed -i 's/^\(\s*\$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)\)\s*$/\1 -lnnz11/g' $ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk
执行完点击retry重试:
root用户下执行脚本:
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/root.sh
reboot重启主机。
5、创建数据库
1)打开监听
su - oracle lsnrctl start lsnrctl status
2、连接VNC远程工具或者直接打开虚拟机图形化界面
dbca
这里填写数据库实例名称和dbname,本次填写orcl。
不安装EM工具。
这里输入SYS和SYSTEM用户的密码,需要记住。
这里选择前面建好的/oradata目录用来存放数据文件。
不开启闪回日志,不开启归档日志,可以建好库之后再手动修改。
数据库内存分配,选择手动分配,占用物理内存70%左右。
block_size根据实际情况选择,一旦建库无法修改,默认8K。
字符集根据需要进行选择,默认AL32UTF8。
等待建库完成即可。
6、连接数据库
确保监听正常启动,并监听数据库
1)通过数据库主机连接
su - oracle sqlplus / as sysdba select sysdate from dual; ##创建数据库用户 create user test identified by test; grant dba to test; conn test/test ##创建表 create table test (id number not null,name varchar2(100)); insert into test values (1,'lucifer'); commit;
2)通过PL/SQL连接test用户
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