How to install mysql offline in centos: 1. Upload all dependencies in lib to linux and install it with yum command; 2. Unzip MySQL and copy the file to the directory you want to install; 3. Modify my.cnf configuration file; 4. Copy the startup script to the resource directory and modify the startup script; 5. Add the mysqld service to the system service; 6. Configure the mysql client to the environment variable and make the configuration effective.
The operating environment of this tutorial: centOS 7 system, MySQL version 5.6, Dell G3 computer.
How to install mysql offline in centos?
centOS 7 offline installation of MySQL 5.6
Preparing the environment
1. Offline centOS 7 ( Here is the centOS 7 minimum installation)
2. The nginx installation file (mysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz has been placed in the link below, please download it yourself or make it yourself Go to the official website to download the latest version)
3. nginx dependency package (currently placed in the lib directory, you can download it yourself)
Currently all packages and dependencies required for installation are available Go to the following address to download the corresponding software by yourself
https://gitee.com/livekeys/linux-offline-installation-software
1. Uninstall mariadb
Check whether there is mariadb before, delete it if there is, and delete the previous configuration file/etc /my.cnf
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb* mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs --nodeps [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb* [root@localhost ~]# rm -f /etc/my.cnf [root@localhost ~]#
2. Install dependencies
Upload all dependencies in lib to linux and install them with commands
[root@localhost lib]# yum -y localinstall *.rpm
3. Install MySQL 5.6
1. Unzip and copy the file to the directory you want to install (here I use /opt/mysql as the installation directory)
[root@localhost mysql_install]# tar -xzvf mysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@localhost mysql_install]# ls lib mysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@localhost mysql_install]# cp -R mysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /opt/mysql [root@localhost mysql_install]# cd /opt/mysql [root@localhost mysql]# ls bin data docs include lib LICENSE man mysql-test README scripts share sql-bench support-files
2. Create a new mysql group and mysql user, and replace the mysql directory with the mysql user group
[root@localhost mysql]# groupadd mysql [root@localhost mysql]# useradd -g mysql mysql [root@localhost mysql]# cd .. [root@localhost opt]# ls mysql [root@localhost opt]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql [root@localhost opt]# ll total 0 drwxr-xr-x. 13 mysql mysql 191 Mar 23 01:42 mysql [root@localhost opt]# cd mysql [root@localhost mysql]# ll total 224 drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 01:42 bin drwxr-xr-x. 3 mysql mysql 18 Mar 23 01:42 data drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 55 Mar 23 01:42 docs drwxr-xr-x. 3 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 01:42 include drwxr-xr-x. 3 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 01:42 lib -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 200256 Mar 23 01:42 LICENSE drwxr-xr-x. 4 mysql mysql 30 Mar 23 01:42 man drwxr-xr-x. 10 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 01:42 mysql-test -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 566 Mar 23 01:42 README drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 30 Mar 23 01:42 scripts drwxr-xr-x. 28 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 01:42 share drwxr-xr-x. 4 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 01:42 sql-bench drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 136 Mar 23 01:42 support-files
3. Create a new /var/lib/mysql directory to store mysq.sock (you can also create other directories), and add the Change the group belonging to the directory to myql
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql [root@localhost mysql]# ls -al /var/lib/mysql total 4 drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Mar 23 01:51 . drwxr-xr-x. 26 root root 4096 Mar 23 01:51 ..
4. Enter the mysql installation directory and initialize mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data Installing MySQL system tables...2022-03-23 01:53:51 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2022-03-23 01:53:51 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 0 [Note] /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.51) starting as process 13346 ... 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created! 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait... 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.51 started; log sequence number 0 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] RSA private key file not found: /opt/mysql/data//private_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] RSA public key file not found: /opt/mysql/data//public_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] Binlog end 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting. 2022-03-23 01:53:51 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13346 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977 OK Filling help tables...2022-03-23 01:53:53 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2022-03-23 01:53:53 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap. 2022-03-23 01:53:53 0 [Note] /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.51) starting as process 13368 ... 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda. 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active. 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.51 started; log sequence number 1625977 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] RSA private key file not found: /opt/mysql/data//private_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work. 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] RSA public key file not found: /opt/mysql/data//public_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work. 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] Binlog end 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting. 2022-03-23 01:53:53 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 2022-03-23 01:53:55 13368 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987 OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: /opt/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with: cd . ; /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe & You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/ The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at http://www.mysql.com Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com New default config file was created as /opt/mysql/my.cnf and will be used by default by the server when you start it. You may edit this file to change server settings
4. Copy and modify the configuration file
[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf [root@localhost mysql]# chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf [root@localhost mysql]# chmod 644 /etc/my.cnf
my.cnf The content of the configuration file is as follows: (Modify other configurations according to your own needs here)
Note the following points:
-
socketWrite the directory we created in the third step above -
basediris the mysql installation directory -
datadiris the data directory (here is the mysql installation directory data directory under the directory)
[mysql] # 设置mysql客户端默认字符集 default-character-set=utf8 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] skip-name-resolve #设置 13306 端口 port = 13306 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # 设置mysql的安装目录 basedir=/opt/mysql # 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录 datadir=/opt/mysql/data # 允许最大连接数 max_connections=200 # 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集 character-set-server=utf8 # 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎 default-storage-engine=INNODB lower_case_table_name=1 max_allowed_packet=16M
5. Copy the startup script to the resource directory
[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# chown mysql:mysql /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
6. Modify the startup script
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
Note: Because, I did not add mysql It is installed in the /usr/local/mysql directory, so you need to modify the following two values in the startup file
basedir=/opt/mysql datadir=/opt/mysql/data
7. Add the mysqld service to the system service
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native systemd configuration. If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'. To see services enabled on particular target use 'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'. mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
8. Use the command systemctl starts the mysql service (Active status is active (running), which means the startup is successful)
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysql [root@localhost mysql]# systemctl status mysql ● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; bad; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-03-23 02:11:17 EDT; 5s ago Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8) Process: 13452 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service ├─13463 /bin/sh /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/mysql/data --pid-file=/opt/mysql/data/lo... └─13688 /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/opt/mys... Mar 23 02:11:16 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL... Mar 23 02:11:16 localhost.localdomain mysqld[13452]: Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/mysql/data/localhost....r'. Mar 23 02:11:17 localhost.localdomain mysqld[13452]: SUCCESS! Mar 23 02:11:17 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL. Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
9. Configure the mysql client into the environment variable and make the configuration take effect
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/profile # 在末尾增加以下两行 export MYSQL_HOME=/opt/mysql export PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH [root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile
10. Test Can I connect to mysql
Note: No password is required for the first login, just press Enter
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.51 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
11. Configure the password for the root account ForP@ssw0rd
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set password=password('P@ssw0rd') where user='root' and host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
12, set up remote host login
mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'P@ssw0rd' with grant option; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
13, restart mysqld service and test login
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysql [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.51 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
So far, The installation of mysql 5.6 has been completed
If there are any mistakes, please leave a message to correct me, thank you!
Recommended learning: "MySQL Video Tutorial"
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