在linux系统下学习MySQL,第一道坎就是如何在linux下安装和配置mysql。这种一劳永逸的事,我们就有耐心的做好。
系统版本:ubuntu14.04
mysql版本:mysql-server-5.5
mysql-client-5.5
先检查是否已经安装了mysql,(Ctrl+Alt+T)终端输入命令:
sudo netstat -tap|grep mysql
若无反应,或没有显示安装成功的信息,则表示没有安装。
下面来开始我们的安装工作。
解决第一难:
1,安装命令:
sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client
【对于新用户可能出现】:
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树
正在读取状态信息... 完成
有一些软件包无法被安装。如果您用的是 unstable 发行版,这也许是
因为系统无法达到您要求的状态造成的。该版本中可能会有一些您需要的软件
包尚未被创建或是它们已被从新到(Incoming)目录移出。
下列信息可能会对解决问题有所帮助:
下列软件包有未满足的依赖关系:
mysql-client : 依赖: mysql-client-5.5 但是它将不会被安装
mysql-server : 依赖: mysql-server-5.5 但是它将不会被安装
E: 无法修正错误,因为您要求某些软件包保持现状,就是它们破坏了软件包间的依赖关系。
【解决办法】:sudo apt-get install mysql-client-core-5.5
如果没有安装,则安装MySQL.
sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client
在此安装过程中会让你输入root用户(管理Mysql用户,非ubuntu系统用户)密码,按照要求输入即可,如下所示:

2,测试安装是否成功:
在终端输入 sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql
出现如下结果则安装成功:

3,也可通过登录MySQL测试
在终端输入 mysql -uroot -p 接下来会提示你输入密码,输入正确密码,即可进入。如下所示:

4,MySQL的一些简单管理:
启动MySQL服务: sudo start mysql
停止MySQL服务: sudo stop mysql
修改 MySQL 的管理员密码: sudo mysqladmin -u root password newpassword
设置远程访问(正常情况下,mysql占用的3306端口只是在IP 127.0.0.1上监听,拒绝了其他IP的访问(通过netstat可以查看到)。取消本地监
听需要修改 my.cnf 文件:):
sudo vi /etc/mysql/my.cnf
bind-address = 127.0.0.1 //找到此内容并且注释
6)MySQL安装后的目录结构分析(此结构只针对于使用apt-get install 在线安装情况):
数据库存放目录: /var/lib/mysql/
相关配置文件存放目录: /usr/share/mysql
相关命令存放目录: /usr/bin(mysqladmin mysqldump等命令)
启动脚步存放目录: /etc/rc.d/init.d/

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