Home >PHP Framework >Laravel >Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel

Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel

WBOY
WBOYforward
2022-04-19 16:56:563079browse

This article brings you relevant knowledge about laravel, which mainly introduces some basic knowledge, including how to install Laravel, routing, validators, views, etc., the following is Let's take a look, hope it helps everyone.

Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel

[Related recommendations: laravel video tutorial]

1. Install laravle

1. Install composer

2. Execute the command:

##composer create-project laravel/laravel project folder name-- prefer-dist

Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel

2. Directory Introduction

  • app: The core code of the application

  • bootstrap: An app.php file that guides the framework, a cache directory (including routing and cache files), and the framework startup file. Generally, it does not move.

  • config: All configuration files

  • database: The migrations directory can generate data tables .

  • public: Entry file storage location, and static resources (similar to tp)

  • resources:

  • routes: All route definitions applied

  • tests: Available for Unit test

  • vendor: All composer dependency packages

3. First introduction to routing

1. Several common requests

  • Route::get( ​ ​​ ​​                   u                                     r                                     l                                     , ,                   ​​ ​​   url,  ​​ url,callback);
  • Route::post( ​ ​​ ​​                   u                                     r                                     l                                     , ,                   ​​ ​​   url,  ​​ url,callback);
  • Route::put( ​ ​​ ​​                   u                                     r                                     l                                     , ,                   ​​ ​​   url,  ​​ url,callback);
  • Route::delete( ​ ​​ ​​                   u                                     r                                     l                                     , ,                   ​​ ​​   url,  ​​ url,callback);

2. Match the specified request method

Route::match(['get','post'],'/',function(){});

3. Configure any request method

Route::any('/home', function () {
    });

4. Add must to the route Fill in the parameters

Route::get('/home/{id}', function ($id) {
    echo 'id为:'.$id;});

5. Add optional parameters to the route

Route::get('/home/{id?}', function ($id = '') {
    echo 'id为:'.$id;});

6. Pass the get parameter in the form of ?

Route::get('/home', function () {
    echo 'id为:'.$_GET['id'];});

7. Add an alias to the route

Route::any('/home/index', function () {
    echo '测试';})->name('hh');

8. Set routing group

For example, the following route:

  • /admin/login
  • /admin/index
  • /admin /logout
  • /admin/add

If adding them one by one is more troublesome, they have a common difference, they all have the /admin/ prefix, and you can set up a routing group Add the group:

Route::group(['prefix'=>'admin'], function () {
    Route::get('test1', function () {
        echo 'test1';
    });
    Route::get('test2', function () {
        echo 'test2';
    });});

You can now access it through /admin/test1.

9. Routing configuration controller

The controller can build a front desk and a back desk:

Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel

命令行创建路由:

php artisan make:controller Admin/IndexController

基本路由建立:

Route::get('test/index','TestController@index');

分目录路由建立:

Route::get('/admin/index/index','Admin\IndexController@index');

四、laravel验证器

引入:use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator

$param = $request->all();$rule = [
    'name'=>'required|max:2',];$message = [
    'required'  => ':attribute不能为空',
    'max' => ':attribute长度最大为2'];$replace = [
    'name' => '姓名',];$validator = Validator::make($param, $rule, $message,$replace);if ($validator->fails()){
    return response()->json(['status'=>0,'msg'=>$validator->errors()->first()]);}

五、控制器获取用户输入的值

在控制器中如果要使用一个类,例如use Illuminate\Http\Request,就可以简写为use Request
但是需要在config目录下的app.php配置文件中加入:

'aliases' => [

        'App' => Illuminate\Support\Facades\App::class,
        'Arr' => Illuminate\Support\Arr::class,
        'Artisan' => Illuminate\Support\Facades\Artisan::class,
        'Auth' => Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth::class,
        'Blade' => Illuminate\Support\Facades\Blade::class,

        'Request' => Illuminate\Support\Facades\Request::class,

    ],

1、获取用户单个输入值:

Input::get('id')

2、获取用户输入的所有值:

Input::all()

打印出来的是数组

关于dd(dump+die)

3、获取用户输入指定的值:

Input::only(['id','name']  //只接收id,其余不接受

4、获取用户输入指定值之外的值:

Input::except(['name']    //不接收name,其余都接收

5、判断某个值是否存在

Input::has('name')    //存在返回true  不存在返回false  其中0返回true

六、视图的创建与使用

1、视图的创建

视图也可分目录管理:

Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel
控制器语法:

return view('home/test');

也可写为:

return view('home.test');

2、变量映射

控制器中:

return view('home/test',['day'=>time()]);

视图中:

{{$day}}

其中控制器中变量映射有三种:

  • view(模板文件,数组)
  • view(模板文件)->with(数组)
  • view(模板文件)->with(数组)->with(数组)

了解一下compact数组。

3、视图渲染

3.1 foreach的使用

控制器中:

public function index(){

        $arr = [
            0 => [
                'name' => 'tom',
                'age' => '12',
            ],
            1 => [
                'name' => 'bby',
                'age' => '13',
            ]
        ];
        return view('home/test',['data'=>$arr]);
    }

视图中:

@foreach($data as $k=>$v)
    键:{{$k}}
    值:{{$v['name']}}    <br>@endforeach

3.2 if的使用

@if(1==2)
    是的
@else
    不是的
@endif

4、视图之间的引用

@include('welcome')

七、模型的创建与使用

1、创建模型的命令

php artisan make:model Model/Admin/Member

此时,就会在app目录内创建:
Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel

2、模型基本设置

<?phpnamespace  App\Model\Admin;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;class Member extends Model{
    //定义表名
    protected $table = &#39;student&#39;;
    //定义主键
    protected $primaryKey = &#39;id&#39;;
    //定义禁止操作时间
    public $timestamps = false;
    //设置允许写入的字段
    protected $fillable = [&#39;id&#39;,&#39;sname&#39;];}

3、模型数据添加

方式一:

	 $model = new Member();
	 $model->sname = '勒布朗';
	 $res = $model->save();
	 dd($res);

方式二:

     $model = new Member();
     $res = $model->create($request->all());
     dd($res);

4、模型的表连接

//查询客户与销售顾问的客资列表$data = Custinfo::select(['custinfo.*', 'customers.name'])
    ->join('customers', 'customers.id', '=', 'custinfo.cust_id')
    ->where($where)
    ->get()
    ->toArray();

5、简单模型关联一对一

<?phpnamespace  App\Model\Admin;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;class Phone extends Model{
    //定义表名
    protected $table = &#39;phone&#39;;

    //定义主键
    protected $primaryKey = &#39;id&#39;;

    //定义禁止操作时间
    public $timestamps = false;

    //设置允许写入的字段
    protected $fillable = [&#39;id&#39;,&#39;uid&#39;,&#39;phone&#39;];}
<?phpnamespace  App\Model\Admin;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;class Member extends Model{
    //定义表名
    protected $table = &#39;student&#39;;

    //定义主键
    protected $primaryKey = &#39;id&#39;;

    //定义禁止操作时间
    public $timestamps = false;

    //设置允许写入的字段
    protected $fillable = [&#39;id&#39;,&#39;sname&#39;];

    /**
     * 获取与用户关联的电话号码记录。
     */
    public function getPhone()
    {
        return $this->hasOne('App\Model\Admin\Phone', 'uid', 'id');
    }}
    //对象转数组
    public function Arr($obj)
    {
        return json_decode(json_encode($obj), true);
    }


    public function index(){
        $infoObj = Member::with('getPhone')->get();
        $infoArr = $this->Arr($infoObj);
        print_r($infoArr);
    }

Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel
Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel

八、日志

1、自定义日志目录

config目录下的logging.php中的channels配置:

 'custom' => [
     'driver' => 'single',
     'path' => storage_path('logs/1laravel.log'),
     'level' => 'debug',
 ]

控制器中:

$message = ['joytom','rocker'];Log::channel('custom')->info($message);

九、迁移文件

建立一个迁移文件:php artisan make:migration create_shcool_table

会在database\migrations下创建一个文件:
Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel
在up方法中增加如下代码:

<?phpuse  Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;class CreateShcoolTable extends Migration{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create(&#39;shcool&#39;, function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->bigIncrements('id');
            $table->string('school_name','20')->notNull()->unique();

            $table->tinyInteger('status')->default(1);

            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('shcool');
    }}

更详细的生成SQL方法请参考:数据迁移文件常用方法速查表

写好SQL文件以后,执行:php artisan migrate
Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel
将会生成数据表,其中操作日志将记录在这个表中:

Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel
php artisan migrate:rollback:回滚最后一次的迁移操作, 删除(回滚)之后会删除迁移记录,并且数据表也会删除,但是迁移文件依旧存在,方便后期继续迁移(创建数据表)。

【相关推荐:laravel视频教程

The above is the detailed content of Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement:
This article is reproduced at:csdn.net. If there is any infringement, please contact admin@php.cn delete