Installation and use of Composer under Windows/Linux (detailed explanation)

This article is provided by the composer tutorial column to introduce how to install and use Composer on Windows and Linux. I hope it will be helpful to friends in need!

Installation and use of Composer on Windows and Linux

1: Install Composer

1. First, please confirm that it is correct After installing PHP, open a command line window in Windows/open a terminal in Linux and execute php -v to check whether the version number is correctly output.

windows

PS E:\repository\work> php -v
PHP 7.0.32 (cli) (built: Sep 12 2018 15:54:08) ( ZTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2017 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.0.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2017 Zend Technologies

centos

[root@jmsiteos7 ~]# php -v
PHP 7.2.13 (cli) (built: Dec  6 2018 23:18:37) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v7.2.13, Copyright (c) 1999-2018, by Zend Technologies

If php is installed but the environment variable is not set, you need to set the environment variable

windows

windows set environment variables

Exit and reopen the command line window and enter again php -vCheck the version number. If it is still abnormal, please check whether the php directory is correct

centos

vi /etc/profile
#文件地步输入如下两行
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/php72/bin/:/usr/local/php72/sbin/
export PATH
#立即生效
source /etc/profile

Enter againphp -vCheck the version number. If it is still abnormal, please check whether the php directory is correct

2. Download Composer

php -r "copy('https://install.phpcomposer.com/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"

3. Install Composer

php composer-setup.php

4. Delete the installer

php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"

5. Partial installation

The above steps to download Composer are completed correctly After that, you can copy the composer.phar file to any directory (such as the project root directory), and then use the php composer.phar command to use Composer!

6. Global installation

centos

Open the terminal and execute the following command to install the previously downloaded composer. phar Move the file to the /usr/local/bin/ directory:

mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

windows

Enter the PHP installation directory and change composer.phar Copy to the PHP installation directory, create a new composer.bat file in the PHP installation directory, and save the following code into this file

@php "%~dp0composer.phar" %*

Reopen a command line window and try executing composer --version to see if the version number is correctly output

##windows

PS E:\repository\work> composer --version
Composer version 1.8.0 2018-12-03 10:31:16

centos

[root@jmsite ~]# composer --version
Do not run Composer as root/super user! See https://getcomposer.org/root for details
Composer version 1.8.0 2018-12-03 10:31:16

This is just a demonstration. Composer cannot be executed as root. The official explanation is: Some Composer commands, including exec, install and update, allow third-party code to run in your executed on the system.

This comes from its "plugin" and "script" capabilities. Plugins and scripts have full access to the user account running Composer. Therefore, it is highly recommended to avoid running Composer as superuser/root.

7. Upgrade Composer

composer selfupdate

8. Set composer domestic source

composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://packagist.phpcomposer.com

---

2: Using Composer

##1. Create a

composer in the project directory based on composer.json

. json

file describing the dependencies of the project. <pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'>{ &quot;require&quot;: { &quot;monolog/monolog&quot;: &quot;1.2.*&quot; } }</pre> means you need to download any version of monolog starting from 1.2. Use the following command to install the code library

composer install

2. Based on the require command

If you find it troublesome to create the composer.json file, you can also use the require command during installation.

composer require monolog/monolog

composer will look for the code base information and automatically create the

composer.json

file and composer.lockFile

3. Update all code libraries in the project, or some specified code libraries

# 更新所有代码库
composer update
# 更新指定的代码库
composer update monolog/monolog
# 更新指定的多个代码库
composer update monolog/monolog phpaes/phpaes
# 还可以通过通配符匹配代码库
composer update monolog/monolog phpaes/*

4. Removing a code base cannot be removed if it is used by another code base

composer remove monolog/monolog

5. Search the source for the code base

composer search monolog

6. View code base information

# 显示已经安装的代码库
composer show
# 通过通配符进行筛选
composer show monolog/*
# 具体某个代码库的信息
composer show monolog/monolog

Automatic loading

In addition to downloading the code base, Composer also prepares an automatic loading file, which can load Composer All class files in the downloaded code base. To use it, you just need to add the following line of code to your project's bootstrap file

require 'vendor/autoload.php';
#
$log = new Monolog\Logger('name');
$log->pushHandler(new Monolog\Handler\StreamHandler('app.log', Monolog\Logger::WARNING));
$log->addWarning('Foo');

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