1) What is Laravel?
Laravel is an open source, widely used PHP framework. The platform is primarily used for developing web applications utilizing the MVC architectural pattern. Laravel is released under the MIT license.
Therefore, its source code is hosted on GitHub. It follows solid and accurate language rules, making it a reliable PHP framework.
2) Define Composer.
It is an application-level package manager for PHP. It provides a standard format for managing PHP software dependencies and libraries.
3) What is HTTP middleware?
HTTP middleware is a technology used to filter HTTP requests. Laravel includes a middleware that checks if the application user is authenticated.
4) The method names of the aggregation query builder
The aggregation methods of the query builder are: 1) max (), 2) min (), 3) sum (), 4) avg () and 5) count ().
5) What is Route?
A route is basically an endpoint specified by a URI (Uniform Resource Identifier). It acts as a pointer in Laravel applications.
Most commonly, a route points to a method on the controller and also indicates which HTTP methods can access the URI.
6) Why use Route?
Routes are stored in files in the /routes folder in the project root directory. By default, there are several different files corresponding to different "faces" of the application (the "faces" come from the Hexagonal Architecture approach).
7) What is defined route?
Defining routing is a method of generating routing paths. Links to these routes can be stated in the Define Route method
8) Explain the important directories used in generic Laravel applications.
The common directories used in Laravel applications are:
- App/: This is the source folder where our application code is located. All controllers, strategies and models are in this folder.
- Config/: Save the application configuration file. These are usually not modified directly but depend on values set in the .env (environment) file in the application root.
- Database/: Stores database files, including migration, data filling, and test factory.
- Public/: A publicly accessible folder that contains compiled resources and of course the index.php file.
9) What is a Controller?
The controller is the "MVC" (Model-View-Controller) architecture on which Laravel is based. C".
10) Explain reverse routing in Laravel.
Reverse routing is a method of generating URLs based on symbols or names. It makes your Laravel application flexible.
11) Explain the difference between CodeIgniter and Laravel.
| Parameter | CodeIgniter | Laravel |
|---|---|---|
| Support ORM | Does not support object relational mapping. | Supports ORM. |
| Provides authentication | Does provide user authentication. | Has built-in user authentication. |
| Programming examples | Component-oriented. | Object-oriented. |
| Support for other databases | Supports Microsoft SQL Server, ORACLE, MYSQL, IBM DB2, PostgreSQL, JDBC and orientDB compatible. | It supports PostgreSQL, MySQL, MongoDB and Microsoft BI, but CodeIgniter also supports other databases such as Microsoft SQL Server, DB2, Oracle, etc. |
| HTTPS support | CodeIgniter partially supports HTTPS. Therefore, programmers can use URLs to protect the data transfer process by creating PATS. | Laravel supports custom HTTPS routing. Programmers can create specific URLs for HTTPS routes they define. |
12) Explain the characteristics of traits in Laravel.
Laravel traits are a set of functions contained within another class. A trait is like an abstract class. You cannot instantiate it directly, but you can use its methods in other classes.
13) Explain the concept of contracts in Laravel.
They are a collection of interfaces for the Laravel framework. These contracts provide core services. Contracts in Laravel include corresponding framework implementations.
14) How to register your service provider?
You can register a service provider in the config/pp.php configuration file, which contains an array in which you can configure the class name of the service provider.
15) How to define Laravel’s facade?
All facades are defined in the Illuminate\Support\Facades namespace.
16) Explain the difference between get and post
The Get method allows a limited amount of data to be sent in the request header. Post allows sending large amounts of data in the body.
17) List the packages in Laravel 5.6
The default packages in Laravel 5.6 are:
1) Envoy, 2) Passport , 3) Socialite, 4) Cashier, 5) Horizon, 6) Scout.
18) What is the service container in Laravel
The service container is used in Tools for performing dependency injection in Laravel.
19) How to enable query log in Laravel?
You can enable query logging in Laravel using the enableQueryLog method.
20) Explain the concept of events in Laravel.
An event is an action or operation that helps you subscribe and listen to events that occur in your Laravel application. Laravel automatically fires certain events when any activity occurs.
21) Let’s talk about dependency injection and types of dependency injection.
It is a technology where one object depends on another object.
There are three types of dependency injection:
- 1) Constructor injection
- 2) Setter injection
- 3)Interface injection.
22) Are there any advantages to using laravel?
The following are the main advantages of laravel:
- Laravel has a blade template engine that can create dynamic layouts and increase compilation tasks.
- It can be very simple Reuse code.
- You don’t need to manually maintain and include paths because Laravel has autoloading capabilities.
- The framework helps you make new tools using LOC containers.
- Laravel provides a version control system that helps simplify migration management.
23) Explain the concept of validation in Laravel.
When designing any Laravel application , verification is an important concept. It ensures that the data is always in the expected format before it is stored in the database. Laravel provides several methods for validating data.
The base controller feature is the use of the ValidatesRequests class, which provides a useful way to validate requests from client computers.
24) What does ORM stand for?
ORM stands for Object Relational Mapping
25) How to reduce memory usage in Laravel?
When processing large amounts of data, you can use the cursor method to reduce memory usage
26) List the relationship types available in Laravel Eloquent.
The relationship types available in Laravel Eloquent are:
- 1) One-to-one
- 2) One-to-many
- 3 ) Many-to-many
- 4) Many-to-many association hasManyThrough
- 5) Polymorphic relationship
27) Define the template engine used by Laravel.
Blade is a powerful template engine used by Laravel.
28) List the databases supported by Laravel.
Laravel supports the following databases:
- PostgreSQL
- SQL Server
- SQLite
- MySQL
29) Why is migration important?
Migration is important because it allows you to share applications by maintaining database consistency.
It is difficult to share any Laravel application without migration.
It also allows you to synchronize your database.
30) Definition of Lumen
Lumen is a micro-framework. It is a smaller, faster version based on Laravel services and REST API.
31) Explanation PHP artisan
artisan is a command line tool for Laravel. It provides commands to help you build Laravel applications easily.
32) How to generate a link?
Laravel uses helpers functions to generate links. This is helpful when you establish links in templates and API responses.
33) Which class is used to handle exceptions?
Laravel exceptions are handled by the App.exceptions.handler class.
34) What are common HTTP error codes?
The most common HTTP error codes are:
- Error 404 – Displayed when page not found.
- Error - 401 – Unauthorized Error shown when
35) Explain Fluent Query Builder in Laravel.
It is a database query generator that provides a convenient and fast interface to create and run database queries.
36) What is the purpose of the dd () function?
This function is used to print the contents of the variable to the browser. The full form of dd is Dump and Die.
37) List common artisan commands used in Laravel.
Laravel supports the following artisan commands:
- PHP artisan down;
- PHP artisan up;
- PHP artisan make:controller;
- PHP artisan make:model;
- PHP artisan make:migration;
- PHP artisan make:middleware;
38) How to configure email sending in Laravel?
Laravel provides APIs to send emails locally and on live servers.
39) Explain Authorization
This is a method of using a password to identify a user's login credentials. In Laravel, it can be managed using a session with two parameters 1) username and 2) password.
40) delete (): Delete all records from the database table
-delete (): Delete all records from the database table.
-softDeletes(): Will not delete data from the table. It is used to mark any record as deleted.
41) How to make a live sitemap.xml file in Laravel?
You can create all of your website’s pages to tell search engines about your organization’s content. The search engine's crawler intelligently reads this file to crawl the site.
42) Explanation of faker in Laravel.
It is a module or package used to create fake data. This data can be used for testing purposes
It can also be used to generate:
- 1) Number
- 2) Address
- 3)DateTime
- 4) Payment
- 5) Lorem text.
43) How would you check if the table exists in the database?
Use the hasTable () function in Laravel to check if the required table exists in the database.
44) What are the significant differences between insert () and insertGetId () functions in Laravel?
- Insert (): This function is only used to insert records into the database. Does not return auto-incrementing ID
- InsertGetId (): This function inserts a record into the table, but is used when the ID field is auto-incrementing. (Insert the record and return the auto-incremented ID)
45) Explain the active record in Laravel - active record
In the active record, class mapping to your database table. It helps you handle CRUD operations.
46) List the basic concepts in Laravel
The following are the basic concepts used in laravel:
- Routing
- Eloquent ORM
- Middleware
- Security
- Cache
- Blade Template
47) Definition Implicit controller.
Implicit controllers help you define appropriate routes to handle controller actions. You can define them in route.php file using Route::controller () method.
48) How to customize table name in Laravel model?
Customize the table name, you can override the value of the protected variable $table.
49) What is MVC framework?
It is Model, View and Controller:
- Model: Model defines the logic for writing Laravel applications.
- View: It covers the UI logic of a Laravel application.
- Controller: It is the interface between model and view. This is a way for users to interact with the application.
50) Definition @include.
@include is used to load multiple template view files. It helps you include a view within another view. Users can also load multiple files in one view.