What are the new color modes in css3

css has added 3 new color modes: 1. RGBA mode, which adds Alpha transparency to the RGB mode, such as "rgba(255,0,0,0.5)"; 2. HSL mode, For example, "hsl(360,50%,50%)"; 3. HSLA mode, which adds Alpha transparency to the HSL mode.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, CSS3 version, Dell G3 computer.

1. CSS1&2 color representation method (W3C standard)

---

1. Color name color name method (Use color keywords to indicate the corresponding color.)

For example: red (red), blue (blue), pink (pink)

Advantages: Convenient, fast and specific colors More accurate

Disadvantages:

It means the number of colors is limited.

Does not support transparent colors.

2. HEX mode hexadecimal mode (Use hexadecimal to represent color)

Syntax:

#RRGGBB 或 #RGB

Value:

RR: Red value. Hexadecimal positive integer

　GG: Green value. Hexadecimal positive integer

BB: Blue value. Hexadecimal positive integer

Value range: 00-FF

For example: #FF0000Red #FFFF00 Yellow.

Advantages: There are many types of colors, and it is more convenient to use.

Disadvantages:

Hexadecimal unit conversion is very problematic.

Transparent colors are not supported.

Specific colors require tool coordination or certain color mixing knowledge

3. RGB three primary color matching method

Syntax:

RGB(R,G,B)

Value:

R: Red value. Positive integer | Percent

G: Green value. Positive integer | Percent

　B: Blue value. Positive integer | Percent

Value range: 0~255 or 0%~100%

For example: rgb(255,0,0)Redrgb(255,255,0)Yellow

Advantages: Indicates a wide variety of colors and is more convenient to use

Disadvantages:

Does not support transparent colors

Specific colors require tool coordination or certain color mixing knowledge

2. CSS3 new color expression

---

1. RGBA mode

This color mode is the same as RGB, except that Alpha transparency is added to the RGB mode.

Syntax:

RGBA(R,G,B,A)

Value:

R: Red value. Positive integer | Percent

G: Green value. Positive integer | Percent

　B: Blue value. Positive integer | Percent

　A: Alpha transparency. The value is between 0~1.

For example:rgba(255,0,0,0.5)Translucent red

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    body{background:rgba(255,0,0,1)}
    div{width:300px;
        height:300px;
        background:rgba(0,0,255,0.4);
        position:absolute;
        top:0;
        left:0;
    }
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    猜猜我在哪里
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2. HSL mode (Color wheel mode has no transparency)

Syntax:

HSL(H,S,L)

Value:

　H: Hue (hue). –0 (or 360) represents red, 120 represents green, 240 represents blue, and other values ​​​​can also be used to specify colors. The value is: 0 - 360

　S: Saturation. The value is: 0.0% - 100.0%

L: Lightness. The value is: 0.0% - 100.0%

For example:hsl(360,50%,50%) Red

##

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    body{background:rgba(0,0,255,0.5);}
    div{width:300px;
        height:300px;
        background:hsl(140,50%,50%);
        position:absolute;
        top:0;
        left:0;
    }
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3. HSLA mode(color wheel mode has transparency)

Syntax:

HSLA(H,S,L,A)

Value:

H: Hue (tone). –0 (or 360) represents red, 120 represents green, 240 represents blue, and other values ​​​​can also be used to specify colors. The value is: 0 - 360

　S: Saturation. The value is: 0.0% - 100.0%

L: Lightness. The value is: 0.0% - 100.0%

　A: Alpha transparency. The value is between 0~1.

For example:

hsl(360,50%,50%,0.5) red

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        body{background:HSL(0,100%,50%)}
        div{width:300px;
            height:300px;
            background:HSLA(230,100%,50%,0);
            position:absolute;
            top:0;
            left:0;
        }
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(Learning video sharing:

css video tutorial)

3. Other attributes

---

1. transparent

Special color Value, indicating transparent color. Can be used directly as color.

For example: color:transparent Set the font color to transparent

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    body{background:hsl(270,100%,50%)}
    p{
        font-size:50px;
        font-family:"黑体";
        /*浏览器私有属性*/
        -webkit-text-fill-color:transparent;/*设置文本透明*/
        /*使用rgba(0,0,0,0);也可以实现全透明模式*/
        -webkit-text-stroke:2px yellow;/*将文本设置透明，再设置个边框后就实现镂空字了*/
        /*W3C标准属性*/
        /*text-fill-color:transparent;*/
        /*text-stroke:2px yellow;*/
    
    }
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2,

OpacityProperties

Function: Setting The transparency of the element.

Value: between 0~1

注意：对于尚不支持opacity属性的IE浏览器

滤镜：filter:alpha(opacity=50) 仅限IE

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    body{background:red}
    div{background:blue;
        width:300px;
        height:300px;
        opacity:0.5;
        position:absolute;
        top:0;
        left:0
    }
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    看到我你就成功了
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四、CSS3 颜色使用实例

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background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #D35644 0%, #31264D 100%) !important;/* Mozilla Firefox */ 
     background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #D35644 0%, #31264D 100%) !important;/* Opera */ 
     background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #D35644 0%, #31264D 100%) !important;/* Webkit (Safari/Chrome 10) */ 
     background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left bottom, left top, color-stop(0, #D35644), color-stop(1, #31264D)) !important;/* Webkit (Chrome 11+) */ 
     background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #D35644 0%, #31264D 100%) !important;/* W3C Markup, IE10 Release Preview */ 
     background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #D35644 0%, #31264D 100%) !important; }

1、模拟渐变效果

使用透明度来模拟渐变

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    div{height:30px}
    div:nth-child(1){background:HSLA(120,100%,50%,0.1)}
    div:nth-child(2){background:HSLA(120,100%,50%,0.2)}
    div:nth-child(3){background:HSLA(120,100%,50%,0.3)}
    div:nth-child(4){background:HSLA(120,100%,50%,0.4)}
    div:nth-child(5){background:HSLA(120,100%,50%,0.5)}
    div:nth-child(6){background:HSLA(120,100%,50%,0.6)}
    div:nth-child(7){background:HSLA(120,100%,50%,0.7)}
    div:nth-child(8){background:HSLA(120,100%,50%,0.8)}
    div:nth-child(9){background:HSLA(120,100%,50%,0.9)}
    div:nth-child(10){background:HSLA(120,100%,50%,1.0)}
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使用饱和度模拟渐变

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            div{height:30px}
            div:nth-child(1){background:HSLA(120,100%,50%,1)}
            div:nth-child(2){background:HSLA(120,90%,50%,1)}
            div:nth-child(3){background:HSLA(120,80%,50%,1)}
            div:nth-child(4){background:HSLA(120,70%,50%,1)}
            div:nth-child(5){background:HSLA(120,60%,50%,1)}
            div:nth-child(6){background:HSLA(120,50%,50%,1)}
            div:nth-child(7){background:HSLA(120,40%,50%,1)}
            div:nth-child(8){background:HSLA(120,30%,50%,1)}
            div:nth-child(9){background:HSLA(120,20%,50%,1)}
            div:nth-child(10){background:HSLA(120,10%,50%,1)}
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使用亮度来实现模拟渐变

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    div{height:30px}
    div:nth-child(1){background:HSLA(120,100%,100%,1)}
    div:nth-child(2){background:HSLA(120,100%,90%,1)}
    div:nth-child(3){background:HSLA(120,100%,80%,1)}
    div:nth-child(4){background:HSLA(120,100%,70%,1)}
    div:nth-child(5){background:HSLA(120,100%,60%,1)}
    div:nth-child(6){background:HSLA(120,100%,50%,1)}
    div:nth-child(7){background:HSLA(120,100%,40%,1)}
    div:nth-child(8){background:HSLA(120,100%,30%,1)}
    div:nth-child(9){background:HSLA(120,100%,20%,1)}
    div:nth-child(10){background:HSLA(120,100%,10%,1)}
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 使用背景颜色：

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#div1 { width:200px; height:200px; border:1px solid #333;
background:-moz-linear-gradient(top, red, yellow);
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, red, yellow);
background:-ms-linear-gradient(top, red, yellow);
background:linear-gradient(top, red, yellow);
-ms-filter:"progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient (GradientType=0, startColorstr=red, endColorstr=yellow)";
+background:#f9f9f9;/*兼容IE9,8,7*/
}
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