What hardware must be installed on a computer connected to the internet?

The hardware that a computer connected to the internet must have is a modem or a network card. A network card is a piece of computer hardware designed to allow computers to communicate on a computer network. Its main functions are data encapsulation and decapsulation, link management, and data encoding and decoding.

#The operating environment of this article: windows10 system, thinkpad t480 computer.

The hardware that a computer connected to the Internet must have is a modem or a network card.

Network card introduction

A network card is a piece of computer hardware designed to allow computers to communicate on a computer network. Since it has a MAC address, it belongs to Layer 2 of the OSI model. It allows users to connect to each other via cable or wirelessly. Each network card has a unique 48-bit serial number called a MAC address, which is written in a ROM on the card.

Every computer on the network must have a unique MAC address. No two network cards produced have the same address. This is because the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is responsible for assigning unique MAC addresses to network interface controller (network card) vendors.

Main functions:

1. Data encapsulation and decapsulation

Will be sent to the previous layer when sending The transmitted data is added with a header and a trailer to become an Ethernet frame. When receiving, the header and tail of the Ethernet frame are stripped off, and then sent to the upper layer

2. Link management

Mainly through CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection , Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) protocol to implement

3. Data encoding and decoding

is Manchester encoding and decoding. Among them, Manchester code, also known as digital bidirectional code, phase code or phase encoding (PE), is one of the commonly used binary code line encoding methods. It is used by the physical layer to encode the clock and data of a synchronous bit stream. In communications technology, a code used to represent the combination of data and timing signals in the bit stream to be sent. Commonly used in Ethernet communications, train bus control, industrial buses and other fields.

(Learning video sharing: Introduction to Programming)

The above is the detailed content of What hardware must be installed on a computer connected to the internet?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!