What kind of computer does a PC belong to?

PC, also known as personal computer, is a microcomputer, also known as microcomputer. Microcomputers are small electronic computers composed of large-scale integrated circuits. They are characterized by small size, high flexibility, cheap price, and easy use. Microcomputers can be divided into: workstations, servers, industrial control computers, personal computers, Embedded computer.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows7 system, DELL G3 computer

PC is also called a personal computer (Personal Computer), which belongs to Microcomputer. Microcomputers are characterized by small size, flexibility, low price, and ease of use.

Microcomputers are referred to as "microcomputers" and "microcomputers". Because they have certain functions of the human brain, they are also called "microcomputers". Microcomputer is a small electronic computer composed of large-scale integrated circuits. It is a bare metal based on a microprocessor, equipped with internal memory, input and output (I/0) interface circuits and corresponding auxiliary circuits.

There are three levels of microcomputer systems from global to local: microcomputer system, microcomputer, and microprocessor (CPU). Neither a simple microprocessor nor a simple microcomputer can work independently. Only a microcomputer system is a complete information processing system and has practical significance.

A complete microcomputer system includes two parts: hardware system and software system. The hardware system consists of arithmetic units, controllers, memories (including memory, external memory and cache), and various input and output devices, and works in an "instruction-driven" manner.

Software systems can be divided into system software and application software. System software refers to software that manages, monitors and maintains computer resources (including hardware and software). It mainly includes: operating system, various language processing programs, database management system and various tool software, etc. The operating system is the core of the system software. Only through the operating system can users complete various operations on the computer. Application software is a computer program compiled for a certain application purpose, such as word processing software, graphics and image processing software, network communication software, financial management software, CAD software, various program packages, etc.

Classification of microcomputers:

• Workstation

  The workstation is a high-end general-purpose microcomputer based on personal computers and distributed network computing. , mainly for professional application fields, with powerful data computing, graphics, and image processing capabilities. It is a high-end computer designed and developed to meet the needs of professional fields such as engineering design, animation production, scientific research, software development, financial management, information services, and simulation. Performance computers. It is a high-end computer that generally has a large screen display, large-capacity memory and hard drive, and also has strong information processing functions and high-performance graphics, image processing functions and networking functions

• Server

  Server refers specifically to certain high-performance computers that can provide services to the outside world through the network. Compared with ordinary computers, the requirements for stability, security, performance, etc. are higher, so the hardware such as CPU, chipset, memory, disk system, and network are different from ordinary computers. The server is the node of the network, storing and processing 80% of the data and information on the network, and plays a decisive role in the network. The server is a high-performance computer that provides various services to client computers. Its high performance is mainly reflected in high-speed computing capabilities, long-term reliable operation, and powerful external data throughput capabilities. The composition of a server is similar to that of an ordinary computer, including a processor, hard disk, memory, system bus, etc. However, because it is specially customized for specific network applications, servers and microcomputers have different advantages in terms of processing power, stability, reliability, and security. There are big differences in terms of , scalability, manageability, etc. Servers mainly include network servers (DNS, DHCP), print servers, terminal servers, disk servers, mail servers, file servers, etc.

• Industrial control computer

  Industrial control computer is a general term for a computer system that uses a bus structure to detect and control the production process, its electromechanical equipment, and process equipment. Referred to as control machine. It consists of two parts: computer and process input/output (I/O). A computer consists of a host, input/output devices, external disk drives, tape drives, etc. A part of the process input/output channel is added outside the computer to send the detection data of the industrial production process to the computer for processing; on the other hand, the commands and information that the computer needs to control the production process are converted into the control of industrial control objects. The variable signal is then sent to the controller of the industrial control object. The controller exercises operational control over the production equipment.

• Personal computer

  ① Desktop computer: A desktop computer is a very widely used microcomputer, also called a desktop computer. It is an independent computer with a relatively large volume. The host, monitor and other equipment are generally relatively independent and need to be placed A computer desk or specialized workbench, hence the name desktop. The desktop computer case has large space, good ventilation conditions, and good heat dissipation; the independent case facilitates users to upgrade hardware, such as optical drives and hard drives; the on/off key, restart button, USB, and audio interfaces of the desktop computer case are all on the front of the case. placed in the panel for user convenience.

  ②All-in-one computer: An all-in-one computer is a computer composed of a monitor, a keyboard and a mouse. Its chip, motherboard and monitor are integrated together, and the monitor is a computer, so as long as the keyboard and mouse are connected to the monitor, the machine can be used. With the development of wireless technology, the keyboard, mouse and monitor of an all-in-one computer can be connected wirelessly. The machine has only one power cord, which to a large extent solves the problem of numerous and complicated desktop cables that has been criticized.

  ③Laptop computer: A notebook computer is a small, portable personal computer, usually with a mass of 1-3kg. It has a similar architecture to a desktop computer, but is more portable. In addition to the keyboard, notebook computers also provide a touchpad (TouchPad) or a touch point (Pointing Stick), which provides better positioning and input functions.

  ④Pocket computer (PDA): PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) means personal digital assistant. As the name suggests, it is a digital tool to assist personal work. It mainly provides functions such as note taking, address book, business card exchange and schedule arrangement. It can help people work, study, entertain, etc. on the move. Classified by use, they are divided into industrial-grade PDAs and consumer-grade PDAs. Industrial-grade PDAs are mainly used in the industrial field, and common ones include barcode scanners, RFID readers, POS machines, etc.; consumer PDAs include many, such as smart phones, handheld game consoles, etc.

  ⑤Tablet computer: Tablet computer is also called tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer, referred to as Tablet PC, Flat PC, Tablet, Slates). It is a small, portable personal computer with a touch screen as the basic computer. input device. It has a touch screen (also known as tablet technology) that allows users to work with a stylus or digital pen instead of a traditional keyboard or mouse. Users can input via built-in handwriting recognition, an on-screen soft keyboard, speech recognition, or a real keyboard (if the model is equipped).

• Embedded computer

  Embedded computer is an embedded system. It is an application-centered, microprocessor-based system with tailorable software and hardware. A special computer system that adapts to the comprehensive and strict requirements of application systems on function, reliability, cost, volume, power consumption, etc. It generally consists of four parts: embedded microprocessor, peripheral hardware devices, embedded operating system and user application program. It is the fastest growing area of ​​the computer market and is home to a wide variety of computer systems in many forms. Embedded systems include almost all electrical equipment in life, such as calculators, TV set-top boxes, mobile phones, digital TVs, multimedia players, cars, microwave ovens, digital cameras, home automation systems, elevators, air conditioners, security systems, and vending machines , consumer electronic equipment, industrial automation instruments and medical instruments, etc.

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