What are the five major components of a computer hardware system?

The five major components of a computer hardware system are arithmetic units, controllers, memory, input devices, and output devices. The controller is the control center of the entire computer system. It directs all parts of the computer to work in a coordinated manner to ensure that the computer operates and processes in an orderly manner according to predetermined goals and steps.

The five major components of a computer hardware system are arithmetic units, controllers, memory, input devices, and output devices.

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Operator

The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) , accumulator, status register, general register group, etc.

The basic functions of the Arithmetic Logic Operation Unit (ALU) are the four arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, logical operations such as AND, OR, NOT, and XOR, as well as operations such as shifts and complements.

Controller

The Controller (Control Unit) is the control center of the entire computer system. It directs all parts of the computer to work in a coordinated manner to ensure that the computer proceeds in an orderly manner according to predetermined goals and steps. Operation and processing.

The controller fetches instructions one by one from the memory, analyzes what operations each instruction specifies and the storage location of the required data, etc., and then sends control signals to other components of the computer based on the analysis results to uniformly command the entire computer. Complete the operations specified in the instruction.

Central Processing Unit

Central Processing Unit (CPU), composed of arithmetic units and controllers, is an essential core component in any computer system. The CPU is composed of arithmetic units and controllers, which are implemented by arithmetic circuits and control circuits respectively.

Memory

Memory (Memory) is a memory device in a computer system, used to store programs and data.

All information in the computer, including input raw data, computer programs, intermediate running results and final running results are stored in the memory. It stores and retrieves information based on locations specified by the controller. Only with memory can the computer have memory function and ensure normal operation.

Input device

A device that inputs data and information to the computer. It is a bridge between computers and users or other devices. Input devices are one of the main devices for information exchange between users and computer systems.

Output device

The output device (Output Device) is the terminal device of the computer, used to receive the output display, printing, sound, and control of peripheral device operations of computer data. It also expresses various calculation result data or information in the form of numbers, characters, images, sounds, etc.

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