Mysql method to modify columns: 1. Use "ALTER TABLE table name MODIFY field name field type [integrity constraint]" to modify the data type of the column; 2. Use "ALTER TABLE table name CHANGE old column name new column name new data type;" to modify the name of the column.
(Recommended tutorial: mysql video tutorial)
Modify field attributes--data type:
-- 修改字段属性 -- ALTER TABLE tb_name MODIFY 字段名称 字段类型 [完整性约束条件] -- 将email字段 VARCHAR(50)修改成VARCHAR(200) -- 注意,修改时如果不带完整性约束条件,原有的约束条件将丢失,如果想保留修改时就得带上完整性约束条件 ALTER TABLE user10 MODIFY email VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'a@a.com'; -- 将card移到test后面 ALTER TABLE user10 MODIFY card CHAR(10) AFTER test; -- 将test放到第一个,保留原完整性约束条件 ALTER TABLE user10 MODIFY test CHAR(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT '123' FIRST;
Modify field names and attributes:
-- 将test字段改为test1 -- ALTER TABLE 表名 CHANGE 原字段名 新字段名 字段类型 约束条件 ALTER TABLE user10 CHANGE test test1 CHAR(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT '123';
Add Delete default value:
-- 创建新表 CREATE TABLE user11( id TINYINT UNSIGNED KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, username VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL UNIQUE, age TINYINT UNSIGNED ); -- 给age添加默认值 ALTER TABLE user11 ALTER age SET DEFAUTL 18; -- 添加一个字段 ALTER TABLE user11 ADD email VARCHAR(50); -- 给email添加默认值 ALTER TABLE user11 ALTER email SET DEFAULT 'a@a.com'; -- 删除默认值 ALTER TABLE user11 ALTER age DROP DEFAULT; ALTER TABLE user11 ALTER email DROP DEFAULT;
Add Primary key:
-- 创建一个表 CREATE TABLE test12( id INT ); -- 添加主键 -- ALTER TABLE tb_name ADD [CONSTRAINT [sysmbol]] PRIMARY KEY [index_type] (字段名称,...) ALTER TABLE test12 ADD PRIMARY KEY(id); -- 添加复合主键 -- 先创建个表 CREATE TABLE test13( id INT, card CHAR(18), username VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ); -- 添加复合主键 ALTER TABLE test13 ADD PRIMARY KEY(id,card);
Delete primary key:
-- 删除主键 ALTER TABLE test12 DROP PRIMARY KEY; -- 再给test12添加主键, 完整形式 ALTER TABLE test12 ADD CONSTRAINT symbol PRIMARY KEY index_type(id);
When deleting the primary key, there is a situation that needs attention. We know that fields with self-increasing attributes It must be a primary key. If the primary key in the table has an auto-increment attribute, then deleting it directly will result in an error. If you want to delete the primary key, you can first increase the attribute last year and then delete the primary key
-- 再创建一个表, CREATE TABLE test14( id INT UNSIGNED KEY AUTO_INCREMENT ); -- 删除主键,这样会报错,因为自增长的必须是主键 ALTER TABLE test14 DROP PRIMARY KEY; -- 先用MODIFY删除自增长属性,注意MODIFY不能去掉主键属性 ALTER TABLE test14 MODIFY id INT UNSIGNED; -- 再来删除主键 ALTER TABLE test14 DROP PRIMARY KEY;
Unique index:
-- 添加唯一性约束 -- ALTER TABLE tb_name ADD [CONSTANT [symbol]] UNIQUE [INDEX | KEY] [索引名称](字段名称,...) -- 创建测试表 CREATE TABLE user12( id TINYINT UNSIGNED KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, username VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, card CHAR(18) NOT NULL, test VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, test1 CHAR(32) NOT NULL ); -- username添加唯一性约束,如果没有指定索引名称,系统会以字段名建立索引 ALTER TABLE user12 ADD UNIQUE(username); -- car添加唯一性约束 ALTER TABLE user12 ADD CONSTRAINT symbol UNIQUE KEY uni_card(card); -- 查看索引 SHOW CREATE TABLE user12; -- test,test1添加联合unique ALTER TABLE user12 ADD CONSTRAINT symbol UNIQUE INDEX mulUni_test_test1(test, test1); -- 删除唯一 -- ALTER TABLE tb_name DROP {INDEX|KEY} index_name; -- 删除刚刚添加的唯一索引 ALTER TABLE user12 DROP INDEX username; ALTER TABLE user12 DROP KEY uni_card; ALTER TABLE user12 DROP KEY mulUni_test_test1;
Modify the storage engine of the table:
-- 修改表的存储引擎 -- ALTER TABLE tb_name ENGINE=存储引擎名称 ALTER TABLE user12 ENGINE=MyISAM; ALTER TABLE user12 ENGINE=INNODB;
Modify the self-increase value:
-- 修改自增长的值 -- ALTER TABLE tb_name AUTO_INCREMENT=值 ALTER TABLE user12 AUTO_INCREMENT=100;
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