Create TP5.1 project using ThinkPHP
在前面，我们安装了ThinkPHP之后，那么如何用ThinkPHP开发项目呢？
1、 打开application/index/controller/Index.php，我们可以看到有如下代码。
<?php
namespace app\index\controller;
class Index
{
public function index()
{
return '<style type="text/css">*{ padding: 0; margin: 0; } div{ padding: 4px 48px;} a{color:#2E5CD5;cursor: pointer;text-decoration: none} a:hover{text-decoration:underline; } body{ background: #fff; font-family: "Century Gothic","Microsoft yahei"; color: #333;font-size:18px;} h1{ font-size: 100px; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 12px; } p{ line-height: 1.6em; font-size: 42px }</style><div style="padding: 24px 48px;"> <h1 id="nbsp">:) </h1><p> ThinkPHP V5.1<br/><span style="font-size:30px">12载初心不改（2006-2018） - 你值得信赖的PHP框架</span></p></div><script type="text/javascript" src="https://tajs.qq.com/stats?sId=64890268" charset="UTF-8"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://e.topthink.com/Public/static/client.js"></script><think id="eab4b9f840753f8e7"></think>';
}
public function hello($name = 'ThinkPHP5')
{
return 'hello,' . $name;
}
}在上述代码中，
（1）、namespace app\index\controller 是命名空间。PHP中命名空间使用关键字namespace定义，其基本语法格式是：
namespace 空间名称；
其中空间名称遵循基本标识符命名规则，以数字、字母和下划线构成，且不能以数字开头）。关于更多的命名空间，大家可以自行上网搜索。
（2）、class Index 是一个类，类中有index()和hello()方法，比如index()方法中的return返回的就是我们项目首页的HTML内容。
（3）、访问index()方法，直接通过http://localhost:8010/tp5.1.36/public这个URL进行访问（localhost表示的是本地主机，8010是Apache服务器的端口号，tp5.1.36是项目名）。
（4）、如果要访问hello()方法，那么就需要通过http://localhost:8010/tp5.1.36/public/index.php/index/index/hello这个URL来访问，打开后，网页中显示“hello,ThinkPHP5”.
ThinkPHP5.1完全开放手册是这样描述的：http://serverName/index.php（或者其它应用入口文件）/模块/控制器/操作/[参数名/参数值...]
那么我们来看这个地址
http://localhost:8010/tp5.1.36/public/index.php/index/index/hello
其中：
index.php后面的第一个index表示的是模块；
index.php后面的第二个index表示的是控制器；
hello表示的是index模块下的index控制器下的hello()方法。
（5）、可以通过URL重写隐藏应用的入口文件index.php（也可以是其它的入口文件，但URL重写通常只能设置一个入口文件）,下面是相关服务器的配置参考（以apache为例）：
1) httpd.conf配置文件中加载了mod_rewrite.so模块
2) AllowOverride None 将None改为 All
3) 把下面的内容保存为.htaccess文件放到应用入口文件的同级目录下
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
Options +FollowSymlinks -Multiviews
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1 [QSA,PT,L]
</IfModule>2、 打开MySQL服务器，创建数据库，将数据库名称命名为student。
3、 在该数据库下创建一张表，表名为：student。
4、 向student表中插入如下数据
上面性别的取值中，1表示的是男，2表示的是女。
5、 编辑config/database.php文件，参考如下代码修改数据库的配置。
// 数据库类型
'type' => 'mysql',
// 服务器地址
'hostname' => '127.0.0.1',
// 数据库名
'database' => 'student',
// 用户名
'username' => 'root',
// 密码
'password' => 'root',请根据自己的实际情况进行修改，我这里的用户名和密码都是root。
6、 在Index控制器下添加student()方法，将student表查询出来，具体代码如下。
public function index()
{
$data=\think\Db::name(‘select * from `student`’);
$arr=[];
foreach($data as $v){
$arr[]=$v[‘name’];
}
return implode(‘,’,$arr);
}通过访问localhost:8010/tp5.1.36/public/index.php/index/index/student进行测试，可以看到浏览器中显示的数据为：李四，张三，王五。
7、 在实际开发中，我们会遇到各种错误，为了更好的调试错误，ThinkPHP提供了非常强大的错误报告和跟踪调试功能。打开config/app.php文件，找到如下两行代码，将值改为true。
‘app_debug’ =>’true’,//应用调试模式
‘app_trace’ =>’true’,//应用trace8、 在实际开发中，需要编写大量的HTML网页，为了方便编写HTML网页，我们可以单独将HTML放置在一个模板文件中。为了实现这个效果，需要让控制器中的Index类继承\think\Controller类，代码如下所示。
class Index extends \think\Controller
9、 继承\think\Controller类后，就可以使用这个类提供的assgin()和fetch()方法。
10、 接下来修改student()方法中的代码内容，调用assgin()方法为模板赋值，再调用fetch()方法喧嚷模板，具体代码如下。
public function index()
{
$data=\think\Db: name(‘student`’)->filed(‘name’)->select();
$this->assgin(‘data’,$data);
return $this->fetch();
}通过访问localhost:8010/tp5.1.36/public/index.php/index/index/student进行测试，会出现报错，是因为我们还没有创建该模板，根据提示可以找到该路径位于application/index/view/Index/student.html。手动创建模板文件和其所在的目录，编写代码如下：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>学生信息列表</title>
</head>
<body>
{ foreach($data as $v)}
<div>{$v.name]}></div>
{/foreach;}
</body>
</html>11、这样就可以在模板文件中输出所有学生的姓名。
TP5.1的第一个项目就这样完成了，在后续的文章中，我们再进行细讲涉及到的知识点。
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