What are the examples of python custom functions?

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What are the examples of python custom functions?

Examples of python custom functions include:

1. What is a function?

A function is an organized, reusable code segment used to implement a single or related function. Functions can improve application modularity and code reuse.

2. Function definition method:

def test(x):
    '函数定义方法'
    x+=1
    return x

Explanation:

def: Define function keywords

test: Function name

(): Definable formal parameters

'': Document description

x =1: Code block or program processing logic

return:End and return value

Why should a function have a return value? ?

Receive the execution result of the function through the return value, and subsequent logic needs to use this result to perform its corresponding operation.

(1), Example: Write log information to a file

import time
# 定义函数
def test1():
    '函数练习:添加日志记录'
    log_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %X')
    with open('file_a','a') as f:
        f.write(log_time+':log msg\n')
# 调用函数
test1()

(2), Function return value description:

return Number of return values ​​= 0: Return one None value (none)

Return value = 1: Object (Object)

rebate Value & GT; :

#函数返回类型
def test_None():
    print('返回一个空值')
x=test_None()
print(x)
def test_object():
    print('返回一个对象')
    return 0
y=test_object()
print(y)
def test_tuples():
    print('返回一个元组')
    return 1,'hello world',['qwe','asd'],{'001':'simple'}
z=test_tuples()
print(z)

(3), formal parameters: the defined parameters are called formal parameters (x, y)

Actual parameters: the actual parameters passed in are called actual parameters (1,2)

Without specifying parameters: one-to-one correspondence between actual and formal parameter positions

Example:

Note: When positional parameters are shared and keyword parameters are shared, keyword parameters cannot be written. Before positional parameters

def test_sum(x,y):
    '两数之和'
    z = x + y
    return z
t_sum=test_sum(1,2) #实参与形参位置一一对应
print(t_sum)
t_sum2=test_sum(x=1,y=2) #与形参位置无关
print(t_sum2)
t_sum3=test_sum(1,y=2) # 错误方式：test_sum(x=1,2) 位置传参与关键字传参共用时，关键参数不能写在位置参数之前
print(t_sum3)

(4), default value parameter:

# 默认值参数
def test_default(x,y=2):
    '默认值参数'
    z = x + y
    return z
print(test_default(2)) #print(tesst_default(2,2))

(5), parameter group (indefinite length parameter):

# 参数组,接受位置参数，将多个实参存入一个元组中
# 定义格式：*变量名(一般规范为 *args)
def test_group(*args):
    '参数组'
    print(args)
test_group(1,2,3,4,5,6)
def test_group2(x,*args):
    '参数组与位置参数混用'
    print(x)
    print(args)
test_group2(1,2,3,4,5,6)
# 接受关键字参数组，转换成字典
def test_group3(**kwargs):
    '参数组键值对形式'
    print(kwargs['name'])
test_group3(name='simple',age=25,sex='m')
def test_group4(name,**kwargs):
    '参数、参数组键值对混用'
    print(name)
    print(kwargs)
test_group4('simple',age=25,sex='m')
#注：参数组必须放在位置参数、默认参数之后
def test_group5(name,age=25,**kwargs):
    '参数、默认参数、参数组键值对混用'
    print(name)
    print(age)
    print(kwargs)
test_group5('simple',age=3,sex='m',game='lol')
def test_group6(name,age=25,*args,**kwargs):
    '参数、默认参数、参数组、参数组键值对混用'
    print(name)
    print(age)
    print(*args)
    print(kwargs)
test_group5('simple',age=3,sex='m',game='lol')

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