


The use of shell for Redis operation and maintenance - statistical memory, regular backup, and benchmark testing
使用Redis shell可以完成许多有意思的操作,使用也非常的简单,下面开始介绍。
Redis-cli
redis-cli的选项非常多,除了常用的-h、-p、-a外,下面在介绍几个很常用的选项。想查看所有选项的话可以使用redis-cli --help查看。
--version查看redis版本
# redis-cli --version redis-cli 5.0.5
可以看到我当前的版本是5.0.5
-r,-i
r是repeat的缩写,表示重复几次的意思。i是interval的缩写,表示间隔多久(单位为妙)。
比如执行ping命令,共执行3次,每隔一秒执行一次。
# redis-cli -r 3 -i 1 ping
另外我们再介绍一个redis的api info memory,它是用来统计redis内存使用情况的。
# redis-cli info memory # Memory used_memory:878984 used_memory_human:858.38K used_memory_rss:3796992 used_memory_rss_human:3.62M ……
统计redis内存信息
介绍了上面的知识后,再结合shell基础,就可以写出一个统计redis内存占用的脚本了。
shell脚本如下,每5秒获取内存信息,共取6次。
#!/bin/bash memorys=`redis-cli -r 6 -i 5 info memory | grep used_memory:\ | awk -F: '{print int($2)}'` total=0 for memory in $memorys do echo $memory total=$((memory+total)) done echo "avg:"$((total/6))
有一个地方需要注意,在awk那行,需要用int转换为数字类型,否则循环里面的递增将会出错,必须保证变量memory是数字类型的。脚本的执行结果如下:
# ./bin/redis-used-memory.sh 883480 883504 883504 883504 883504 883504 avg:883500
分别输出6个请求的数据,最后再打印出平均值。
--rdb 保存rdb文件到本地
有个该选项,再配合定时任务,我们就可以定期备份Redis数据。
# redis-cli --rdb /data/redis/rdb/dump.rdb SYNC sent to master, writing 721 bytes to '/data/redis/rdb/dump.rdb' Transfer finished with success.
如果redis含有重要数据的话,那么建议定时备份数据,防止数据丢失后损失太大。
Redis-benchmark
redis有专门做基准测试的工具,我们可以用它来测试redis的性能。下面介绍几个常用选项。如想知道更多的选项的用法,使用redis-benchmark --help查看更多信息
-c(clients)
表示客户端的并发数量,默认为50.
-n(requests)
表示客户端请求总量,默认值为100000。
例如,有100个客户端,总请求数为10000.
# redis-benchmark -c 100 -n 10000
-q
只显示每秒的请求数据
redis-benchmark -c 100 -n 10000 -q PING_INLINE: 98039.22 requests per second PING_BULK: 102040.82 requests per second SET: 94339.62 requests per second GET: 99009.90 requests per second ……
可以看到,每秒set、get等命令的性能。
-t
对指定的命令进行基准测试,比如我只想看get和set的性能如何:
# redis-benchmark -t get,set -q SET: 98911.96 requests per second GET: 100200.40 requests per second
以上就是redis-cli和redis-benchmark的基本使用,想要维护redis,这两个工具必须要掌握好的哦。
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