What layers does the tcp/ip model include?

The TCP/IP protocol refers to the OSI architecture to a certain extent. There are seven layers in the OSI model. From bottom to top they are the physical layer, data link layer, network layer, transport layer, session layer, presentation layer and application layer. But this is obviously somewhat complicated, so in the TCP/IP protocol, they are simplified to four levels.

The four layers of TCP/IP:

Application layer: The application layer is the first layer of the TCP/IP protocol and directly provides services for the application process.

Transport layer: As the second layer of the TCP/IP protocol, the transport layer plays a mainstay role in the entire TCP/IP protocol. And in the transport layer, TCP and UDP also play the mainstay role.

Network layer: The network layer is located at the third layer of the TCP/IP protocol. In the TCP/IP protocol, the network layer can perform functions such as establishing and terminating network connections and searching for IP addresses.

Network interface layer: In the TCP/IP protocol, the network interface layer is located on the fourth layer. Since the network interface layer merges the physical layer and the data link layer, the network interface layer is not only the physical medium for transmitting data, but also provides an accurate line for the network layer.

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