What systems are there in linux system?

What are the Linux systems?

Introduction to ten commonly used Linux systems

1. Debian

Debian runs extremely stably, which makes It's great for servers. Debian usually maintains three sets of formal software libraries and one set of non-free software libraries, which has inspired several other distributions (such as Ubuntu and Kali, etc.). Debian is an operating system that has spawned multiple Linux distributions. It has over 37,500 packages, and the only other distribution that outdoes Debian in this regard is Gentoo. Debian uses apt or aptitude to install and update software.

The Debian operating system is undoubtedly not suitable for novice users, but is suitable for system administrators and advanced users. Debian supports most architectures (processors) today.

Recommended: "Linux Tutorial"

2. Gentoo

Like Debian, Gentoo This operating system also includes a large number of software packages. Gentoo does not come in a precompiled form, but needs to be compiled for each system each time. Even the Gentoo community finds Gentoo difficult to install and use; however, it is considered the best place to learn about the inner workings of the Linux operating system. When it comes to Gentoo, someone always says: "If you want to learn to use a Linux distribution, then learn to use that distribution; if you learn Gentoo, you also learn Linux." Gentoo uses portage to install and update software.

Gentoo is an operating system suitable for users who are already completely familiar with Linux.

3. Ubuntu

Ubuntu is a derivative of Debian and the most popular free operating system today. Ubuntu focuses on its applications in this market and is common on servers, cloud computing, and even some mobile devices running Ubuntu Linux. As a derivative of Debian Gnu Linux, Ubuntu still processes, looks and feels mostly the same as Debian. It uses apt software management tool to install and update software. It's also one of the easiest distros to use on the market today. Ubuntu uses an apt-based package manager.

Ubuntu is an operating system that novice users will definitely love.

4. Damn Vulnerable Linux

Of course, most people may have never heard of this distribution, but it still has a place in this article. So, what's so special about it? Damn Vulnerable Linux lives up to its name: it literally means "damn vulnerable Linux." Vulnerable Linux (DVL) is not an excellent Linux distribution in the general sense at all. It intentionally bundles software that is bad, misconfigured, outdated, and easily exploited by bad actors.

Its purpose is to take the opportunity to train Linux administrators. Is there anything better than giving Linux administrators a bad distro to troubleshoot? With older or broken versions of Apache, MySQL, PHP, FTP, and SSH, trained administrators have their hands full.

Damn Vulnerable Linux is a laboratory designed to train administrators.

5. Red Hat Enterprise Linux

This is the first Linux distribution for the commercial market. It is available in server versions and supports numerous processor architectures, including x86 and x86_64. Red Hat trains and certifies system administrators through the course Red Hat Certified System Administrator/Red Hat Certified Engineer (RHCSA/RHCE). As far as the global market is concerned, 80% of the total profit comes from support and the other 20% comes from training and certification, but this is not the case in India.

In India, 80% of Red Hat's profits come from certification and training, and only 20% from support. Fedora is a platform, not a testing environment for developing new products or applications; once it becomes a stable version, it will be bundled with Red Hat Enterprise Linux, including support. Red Hat provides a lot of stable applications, but the well-known disadvantage is that too many old packages are packaged, and the support cost is indeed quite high. However, if security is a primary concern, then Red Hat Enterprise Linux is the perfect distribution, which uses the YUM package manager.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux is the first choice for system administrators. It has numerous packages and excellent support.

Since this distribution is a commercial product, it is not free. However, you can download a beta version for educational purposes.

Additional Note: It is generally believed that Marc Ewin, who developed the distribution, named the product Red Hat because he lost the red hat he seemed to be very fond of, which his grandfather gave to him on his birthday. gift.

6. CentOS

CentOS is an enterprise Linux distribution built from the ground up using free source code from Red Hat Enterprise Linux. This refactored version completely removes the registered trademark and a very subtle change in the Binary package. For some people who don't want to pay a fortune and want to get a taste of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS is worth a try. Additionally, CentOS appears to look and behave exactly like the parent distribution, Red Hat Enterprise Linux. CentOS uses YUM to manage software packages.

A very stable package; anyone who wants to test how the server works on the desktop should try this operating system.

7. Fedora

Compact Fedora is suitable for those who want to try the most advanced technology and can't wait for the stable version of the program to be released. In fact, Fedora is a test platform of Red Hat; products are developed and tested on this platform before becoming an enterprise-level distribution. Fedora is a very good distribution, with a huge user forum and a large number of software packages in the software library. Fedora also uses YUM to manage software packages.

8. Kali Linux

Kali Linux is a derivative of Debian. Kali is designed for penetration testing. It was released about three months ago. Kali's predecessor was Backtrack. All Binary packages for Debian can be installed on Kali Linux, and this is where the charm or power of Kali comes from. In addition, the user forum that supports Debian adds a lot to Kali. Kali comes with many penetration testing tools, whether it is Wifi, database or any other tools, all designed to be used immediately. Kali uses APT to manage packages.

There is no doubt that Kali Linux is a penetration testing tool or the operating system favored by civilized hackers (I don’t want to talk about malicious hackers).

9. Arch Linux

Arch is an operating system that adopts a rolling release method: it only needs to be installed once; whenever a new version is released, You can upgrade the distribution version without reinstalling. Pacman is a package manager for Arch Linux. Arch Linux supports both the X86 processor architecture and the X86_64 architecture. The installation program can be run from a CD or USB flash drive. Arch aims to be simple from a developer's perspective, not a user's perspective. Arch is super easy to configure and install. It is really a distribution for experts, allowing you to understand every detail of the Linux system.

10. OpenSuse

OpenSuse is a free Linux distribution and is not for commercial use. It is still for personal use. OpenSuse's real competitor is Red Hat Enterprise Linux. It uses Yast to manage packages. With Yast, using and managing server applications is easy. In addition, the Yast installation wizard can configure an email server, LDAP server, file server or web server without any unnecessary hassle. It comes with the snapper snapshot management tool so that older versions of files, updates and configurations can be restored or used. Thanks to Tumbleweed, which makes rolling releases possible, an installed operating system can be updated to the latest version without the need for any new releases.

SUSE is more famous among administrators because it has Yast and other such applications that allow system administrators to automatically manage tasks. Other distributions of the same level do not have this feature.

This article is not a comprehensive review. There are hundreds of distributions on the market, and each one is unique in some way. It is impossible to list them all here. This article only lists the ten most common Linux distributions (there are only two kinds of people in the world, one who understands binary and the other who does not understand binary). Please spread the word about the beauty or power of Linux.

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