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What does the Redis protocol look like?

Jun 22, 2019 pm 03:34 PM
redisprotocol

What does the Redis protocol look like?

前言

我们用过很多redis的客户端,有没有相过自己撸一个redis客户端? 其实很简单,基于socket,监听6379端口,解析数据就可以了。

redis协议

解析数据的过程主要依赖于redis的协议了。 我们写个简单例子看下redis的协议:

public class RedisTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Jedis jedis = new Jedis("127.0.0.1", 6379);
        jedis.set("eat", "I want to eat");
    }
}

监听socket:

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(6379);
        Socket socket = server.accept();
        byte[] chars = new byte[64];
        socket.getInputStream().read(chars);
        System.out.println(new String(chars));
    }

看下数据:

*3
$3
SET
$3
eat
$13
I want to eat

参照官方协议文档https://redis.io/topics/protocol,解析下数据。

(1)简单字符串 Simple Strings, 以 "+"加号 开头 (2)错误 Errors, 以"-"减号 开头 (3)整数型 Integer, 以 ":" 冒号开头 (4)大字符串类型 Bulk Strings, 以 "$"美元符号开头,长度限制512M (5)组类型 Arrays,以 "*"星号开头 并且,协议的每部分都是以 "\r\n" (CRLF) 结尾的。

所以上面的数据的含义是:

*3   数组包含3个元素,分别是SET、eat、I want to eat
$3   是一个字符串,且字符串长度为3
SET  字符串的内容
$3   是一个字符串,且字符串长度为3
eat  字符串的内容
$13  是一个字符串,且字符串长度为13
I want to eat 字符串的内容

执行get 'eat'的数据如下:

*2
$3
GET
$3
eat

撸一个客户端

掌握了redis协议,socket之后,我们就可以尝试撸一个客户端了。

socket:

public RedisClient(String host, int port){
        try {
            this.socket = new Socket(host,port);
            this.outputStream = this.socket.getOutputStream();
            this.inputStream = this.socket.getInputStream();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

set协议:

    public String set(final String key, String value) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        //虽然输出的时候,会被转义,然而我们传送的时候还是要带上\r\n
        sb.append("*3").append("\r\n");
        sb.append("$3").append("\r\n");
        sb.append("SET").append("\r\n");
        sb.append("$").append(key.length()).append("\r\n");
        sb.append(key).append("\r\n");
        sb.append("$").append(value.length()).append("\r\n");
        sb.append(value).append("\r\n");
        byte[] bytes= new byte[1024];
        try {
            outputStream.write(sb.toString().getBytes());
            inputStream.read(bytes);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return new String(bytes);
    }

测试:

        RedisClient redisClient = new RedisClient("127.0.0.1", 6379);
        String result = redisClient.set("eat", "please eat");
        System.out.println(result);

执行结果:

+OK

更多Redis相关技术文章,请访问Redis教程栏目进行学习!

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