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This article brings you a simple understanding of the generator under PHP (code analysis). It has certain reference value. Friends in need can refer to it. I hope it will be helpful to you.
# http://php.net/manual/zh/class.generator.php Generator implements Iterator { /* Methods */ //获取迭代器当前值 public mixed current ( void ) //获取迭代器当前值 public mixed getReturn ( void ) //返回当前产生的键 public mixed key ( void ) //生成器从上一次yield处继续执行 public void next ( void ) //重置迭代器 public void rewind ( void ) //向生成器中传入一个值 public mixed send ( mixed $value ) //向生成器中抛入一个异常 public mixed throw ( Throwable $exception ) //检查迭代器是否被关闭 public bool valid ( void ) //迭代器序列化时执行的方法 public void __wakeup ( void ) }
$gen = new Generator(); # 我们发现不能直接手动实例化 # output PHP Fatal error: Uncaught Error: The "Generator" class is reserved for internal use and cannot be manually instantiated in /web/www/sxx_admin3/src/cache/test/amphp/gen3.php:8
function gen($max) { for ($i=0; $i<$max; $i++) { yield $i; } } $gen = gen(5); # success # 成功,我们只需要在普通函数方法里yield即可成了生成器
In fact, each language has a generator, such as python, go, etc.
The code will demonstrate valid, getReturn
function gen($max) { for ($i=0; $i<$max; $i++) { yield $i; } return $max; } $gen = gen(5); foreach ($gen as $val) { var_dump($val); } //如果已经迭代完成,获取返回值 // php7 支持 // valid 判断当前迭代器是否迭代完成 // getReturn 返回迭代器的返回值 if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '7.0.0') >= 0 && !$gen->valid()) { var_dump($gen->getReturn()); }
The iterator return value can have key and value, similar to
function gen($max) { for ($i=0; $i<$max; $i++) { yield $i => $i+1; } return $max; } $gen = gen(5); //var_dump($gen->key()); //var_dump($gen->current()); foreach ($gen as $key=>$val) { var_dump($key . "=>" . $val); } # output string(4) "0=>1" string(4) "1=>2" string(4) "2=>3" string(4) "3=>4" string(4) "4=>5"
This code will demonstrate rewind, next , send method
function gen($max) { for ($i=0; $i<$max; $i++) { // 此处的(yield $i)在php7以后版本可省略 $res = (yield $i); var_dump($res); } return $max; } $gen = gen(10); // 可不调用,隐式调用 // 如果迭代开始后不能再rewind(即使用了next或send后) $gen->rewind(); // 打印获取到当前生成器的值 var_dump("1::" . $gen->current()); //output: string(4) "1::0" // 下面2句代码执行,将返回错误 // $gen->next(); // $gen->rewind(); //继续执行,知道遇到下一个yield $gen->next(); var_dump("2::" . $gen->current()); //output: string(4) "2::1" $gen->next(); var_dump("3::" . $gen->current()); //output: string(4) "3::2" // send传null值等同于调用next(本方法尝试来自python的迭代器,成功) $gen->send(null); var_dump("4::" . $gen->current()); //output: string(4) "4::3" // send传值会也会继续执行 $gen->send(100); var_dump("5::" . $gen->current()); //output: string(4) "5::4" //如果已经迭代完成,获取返回值 // php7 支持 if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '7.0.0') >= 0 && !$gen->valid()) { var_dump($gen->getReturn()); } # output: string(4) "1::0" NULL string(4) "2::1" NULL string(4) "3::2" NULL string(4) "4::3" int(100) string(4) "5::4" # 我们先不去理会gen里var_dump输出的NULL或int(100) # 我们先去理解每次next后current可以获取到当前yield的值即可
function gen($max) { for ($i=0; $i<$max; $i++) { $res = (yield $i); var_dump($res); } return $max; } $gen = gen(10); var_dump("1::" . $gen->current()); $gen->send(222); var_dump("2::" . $gen->current()); $gen->send(333); var_dump("3::" . $gen->current()); $gen->send(null); var_dump("4::" . $gen->current()); # output: string(4) "1::0" int(222) string(4) "2::1" int(333) string(4) "3::2" int(444) string(4) "4::3" # send和next # next() => current = yield值 # send(val) $rs = yield 表达式执行 = val; //send这样理解即可 # 在当前某个yield处时send,当前yield表达式处返回,如果没有变量接收,那么继续下一个yield处返回 $rs = (yield somethind_to_do(...) ); ^ |-------------------| | yield值 | |----------------------------| | yield 表达式 yield表达式结果 # 执行顺序流程类似 $res = (yield 1); // <- var_dump("1::" . $gen->current()); 第一步到yield返回 var_dump($res); // <- $gen->send(222); 第二步send:222后,继续往下走$res=222 然后var_dump($res), 然后到了yield 2 $res = (yield 2); // <- var_dump("2::" . $gen->current()); 打印当前的值2 var_dump($res); // <- $gen->send(333); 第三步send:333后,继续往下走$res=333 然后var_dump($res), 然后到了yield 3 $res = (yield 3); // <- var_dump("3::" . $gen->current()); var_dump($res); // <- $gen->send(null); 第二步send:null后,继续往下走$res=null 然后var_dump($res), 然后到了yield 4 $res = (yield 4); // <- var_dump("4::" . $gen->current());
For first introduction, we only need to understand next and send first
next-> Let us Active automatic execution of iterators
send-> allows our iterators to achieve two-way communication and change the order of the execution body process
We will introduce usage scenarios and Co automatic execution bodies later
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