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How to draw a circle using canvas? Three dynamic implementation methods for drawing circles using canvas
- 不言Original
- 2018-09-15 13:42:4711342browse
We all should know that canvas can be used to draw a variety of pictures on the browser. So, how to use canvas to draw a circle? This article will introduce to you three dynamic implementation methods of using canvas to draw a circle.
First let’s look at the first method of drawing a circle on canvas: using the canvas arc() method to dynamically draw a circle
arc() method creates an arc/curve ( for creating circles or partial circles).
Idea: Limit it by setting the starting angle and ending angle, and then achieve the animation effect by accumulating temporary angle variables.
Syntax: context.arc(x,y,r,sAngle,eAngle,counterclockwise);
Canvas circle drawing implementation code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<style type="text/css">
#myCanvas{
margin: 0 auto;
display: block;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<canvas id="myCanvas">当前浏览器不支持canvas组件请升级！</canvas>
<script type="text/javascript">
//方法一：arc 动态画圆
var c = document.getElementById('myCanvas');
var ctx = c.getContext('2d');
var mW = c.width = 300;
var mH = c.height = 300;
var lineWidth = 5;
var r = mW / 2; //中间位置
var cR = r - 4 * lineWidth; //圆半径
var startAngle = -(1 / 2 * Math.PI); //开始角度
var endAngle = startAngle + 2 * Math.PI; //结束角度
var xAngle = 1 * (Math.PI / 180); //偏移角度量
var fontSize = 35; //字号大小
var tmpAngle = startAngle; //临时角度变量
//渲染函数
var rander = function(){
if(tmpAngle >= endAngle){
return;
}else if(tmpAngle + xAngle > endAngle){
tmpAngle = endAngle;
}else{
tmpAngle += xAngle;
}
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, mW, mH);
//画圈
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.lineWidth = lineWidth;
ctx.strokeStyle = '#1c86d1';
ctx.arc(r, r, cR, startAngle, tmpAngle);
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();
//写字
ctx.fillStyle = '#1d89d5';
ctx.font= fontSize + 'px Microsoft Yahei';
ctx.textAlign='center';
ctx.fillText( Math.round((tmpAngle - startAngle) / (endAngle - startAngle) * 100) + '%', r, r + fontSize / 2);
requestAnimationFrame(rander);
};
rander();
</script>
</body>
</html>canvas drawing circle renderings:
## Next, let’s take a look at the second canvas drawing circle Method : Use the canvas rotate() method to draw a circle
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<style type="text/css">
#myCanvas{
margin: 0 auto;
display: block;
}
</style></head><body>
<canvas id="myCanvas">当前浏览器不支持canvas组件请升级！</canvas>
<script type="text/javascript">
//方法二：rotate() 动态画圆
var c = document.getElementById('myCanvas');
var ctx = c.getContext('2d');
var mW = c.width = 300;
var mH = c.height = 300;
var lineWidth = 5;
var r = mW / 2; //中间位置
var cR = r - 4 * lineWidth; //圆半径
var startAngle = -(1 / 2 * Math.PI); //开始角度
var endAngle = startAngle + 2 * Math.PI; //结束角度
var xAngle = 1 * (Math.PI / 180); //偏移角度量
var fontSize = 35; //字号大小
var tmpAngle = startAngle; //临时角度变量
//渲染函数
var rander = function(){
if(tmpAngle >= endAngle){
return;
}else if(tmpAngle + xAngle > endAngle){
tmpAngle = endAngle;
}else{
tmpAngle += xAngle;
}
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, mW, mH); //画圈
ctx.save();
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.lineWidth = lineWidth;
ctx.strokeStyle = '#1c86d1';
ctx.translate(r, r); //重定义圆点
ctx.rotate(-Math.PI); //最上方为起点
for(var i = 0; i <= tmpAngle - startAngle; i += xAngle){ //绘图
ctx.moveTo(0, cR - lineWidth);
ctx.lineTo(0, cR);
ctx.rotate(xAngle); //通过旋转角度和画点的方式绘制圆
}
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();
ctx.restore(); //写字
ctx.fillStyle = '#1d89d5';
ctx.font= fontSize + 'px Microsoft Yahei';
ctx.textAlign='center';
ctx.fillText( Math.round((tmpAngle - startAngle) / (endAngle - startAngle) * 100) + '%', r, r + fontSize / 2);
requestAnimationFrame(rander);
};
rander();
</script>
</body>
</html>
Canvas drawing circle rendering:
Finally let’s look at the third method of drawing a circle on canvas: Use to get the circle Draw a circle using coordinates
Idea: Use sin() and cos() to store the coordinate position between the start angle and the end angle in an array according to a certain angle offset, and then follow the array The coordinate points in are drawn.<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<style type="text/css">
#myCanvas{
margin: 0 auto;
display: block;
}
</style></head><body>
<canvas id="myCanvas">当前浏览器不支持canvas组件请升级！</canvas>
<script type="text/javascript">
//方法三：获取圆坐标方式 动态画圆
var c = document.getElementById('myCanvas');
var ctx = c.getContext('2d');
var mW = c.width = 300;
var mH = c.height = 300;
var lineWidth = 5;
var r = mW / 2; //中间位置
var cR = r - 4 * lineWidth; //圆半径
var startAngle = -(1 / 2 * Math.PI); //开始角度
var endAngle = startAngle + 2 * Math.PI; //结束角度
var xAngle = 2 * (Math.PI / 180); //偏移角度量
var cArr = []; //圆坐标数组
//初始化圆坐标数组
for(var i = startAngle; i <= endAngle; i += xAngle){
//通过sin()和cos()获取每个角度对应的坐标
var x = r + cR * Math.cos(i);
var y = r + cR * Math.sin(i);
cArr.push([x, y]);
} //移动到开始点
var startPoint = cArr.shift();
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(startPoint[0], startPoint[1]); //渲染函数
var rander = function(){
//画圈
if(cArr.length){
ctx.lineWidth = lineWidth;
ctx.strokeStyle = '#1c86d1';
var tmpPoint = cArr.shift();
ctx.lineTo(tmpPoint[0], tmpPoint[1]);
ctx.stroke();
}else{
cArr = null;
return;
}
requestAnimationFrame(rander);
};
rander();
</script>
</body>
</html>
Canvas drawing circle rendering:
HTML5 Development Manual.
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