Summary and case introduction of mathematical functions in js

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Math function

Math.random()

Randomly generates decimals from 0 to 1, including 0, excluding 1

<script>
    console.log(Math.random());     // 0.731681187341011
</script>

Math.ceil( )

Returns the smallest integer (ceiling value) greater than the parameter value, rounding up when decimals are encountered

<script>
    console.log(Math.ceil(0.0));    // 0
    console.log(Math.ceil(-0.0));   // -0
    console.log(0 === -0);          // true
    console.log(Math.ceil(2.3));    // 3
    console.log(Math.ceil(-1.5));   // -1
</script>

Math.floor()

Returns the largest integer less than the parameter value (Floor value), round down when encountering decimals

<script>
    console.log(Math.floor(0.0));    // 0
    console.log(Math.floor(-0.0));   // -0
    console.log(0 === -0);           // true
    console.log(Math.floor(2.3));    // 2
    console.log(Math.floor(-1.5));   // -2
</script>

Math.round()

Round to return an integer

<script>
    console.log(Math.round(0.49));      // 0
    console.log(Math.round(-0.49));     // -0  
</script>

Math.max()

Return the maximum value

<script>
    let arr = [0.2, 0.32, 12];
    console.log(Math.max(arr));       // NaN
    console.log(Math.max(0.49, 0.231, 932));      // 932
    console.log(Math.max(0,-0));     // 0  
</script>

Math.min()

Return the minimum value

<script>
    let arr = [0.2, 0.32, 12];
    console.log(Math.min(arr));       // NaN
    console.log(Math.min(0.49, 0.231, 932));      // 0.231
    console.log(Math.min(0,-0));     // -0  
</script>

Case 1

Random integer generation function in any range

<script>
    // 任意范围的随机整数生成函数
    function getIntRadom(min, max){
        let x = Math.random() * (max - min + 1) + min;  // [0,1)*5 + 2 -> [0,5) + 2 -> [2,7)
        return Math.floor(x);                           // [2,7) -> [2,6]         
    }
    console.log(getIntRadom(2,6));
</script>

Case 2

Return the integer part of the value

<script>
    // 返回数值的整数部分
    function getInt(x){
       x = Number(x);
       return x < 0 ? Math.ceil(x) : Math.floor(x);
   }
   console.log(getInt(7.78));      // 7
</script>

Case 3

Return the integer part of the value

<script>
    function random_vlidateCode(x){
        let str1 = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
            // str1 += "abcdefghijklmnopqrst";
            str1 += str1.toLowerCase();
            str1 += "0123456789";
        let str = "";
        for(let i = 0; i < x; i++){
            let vlidateCode = Math.floor(Math.random() * str1.length);                
            str += str1.substring(vlidateCode, vlidateCode + 1);                
        }
        return str;
    }
    console.log(random_vlidateCode(4)); // 生成四位随机数
</script>

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