Method 1 of using XHProf to analyze PHP performance bottlenecks

Install xhprof extension

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/xhprof-0.9.4.tgz
tar zxf xhprof-0.9.4.tgz
cd xhprof-0.9.4/extension/
sudo phpize
./configure
sudo make
sudo make install
cd ../

Configure php.ini

[xhprof]
extension=xhprof.so
xhprof.output_dir=/tmp

Note: xhprof has not been updated for a long time. As of now, it does not support php7. php7 can use https://github. com/phacility/….

Configure xhprof environment

You need to copy the two directories in the xhprof compressed package to the specified directory (assuming it is defined to /work/xhprof/):

mkdir /work/xhprof/
cp -a xhprof_html/ /work/xhprof/
cp -a xhprof_lib/ /work/xhprof/

Then add in the entry file of the project framework:

<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">xhprof_enable(XHPROF_FLAGS_MEMORY | XHPROF_FLAGS_CPU); register_shutdown_function(function() {     $xhprof_data = xhprof_disable();     if (function_exists('fastcgi_finish_request')){         fastcgi_finish_request();     }     include_once &quot;/work/xhprof/xhprof_lib/utils/xhprof_lib.php&quot;;     include_once &quot;/work/xhprof/xhprof_lib/utils/xhprof_runs.php&quot;;     $xhprof_runs = new XHProfRuns_Default();     $run_id = $xhprof_runs-&gt;save_run($xhprof_data, 'xhprof'); });</pre>

Code analysis:
$xhprof_data records all function call times and CPU memory consumption during program running. The specific recorded indicators can be controlled through the parameters of xhprof_enable. The currently supported parameters are:

• ##HPROF_FLAGS_NO_BUILTINS Skip all built-in (internal) functions.

• XHPROF_FLAGS_CPU Adds CPU data to the output performance data.

• XHPROF_FLAGS_MEMORY Add memory data to the output performance data.

The subsequent processing has nothing to do with the xhprof extension. It is roughly to write a storage class

XHProfRuns_Default, serialize $xhprof_data and save it to a certain directory, you can output the results to the current directory through XHProfRuns_Default(__DIR__). If not specified, xhprof.output_dir## in the php.ini configuration file will be read. #, if still not specified, it will be output to /tmp.

xhprof_enable

and xhprof_disable appear in pairs, one is at the front of the code running, and the other is at the end. In the middle is the code to be analyzed. After the above configuration, if we subsequently request the project interface, xhprof will analyze the CPU, memory, time consumption, etc. during the request process. The log is saved in the

xhprof.output_dir

directory. Configuring web

After configuration, how to check the log? We can build a simple web server:

xhprof.test.com.conf

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  xhprof.test.com;

    root /work/xhprof/xhprof_html;
    index  index.html index.php;


    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

and then configure the virtual host xhprof.test.com. Restart nginx and open xhprof.test.com to see the effect:

is listed in the default UI ：

funciton name ： Function name
calls: Number of calls
Incl. Wall Time (microsec): Function running time (including sub-functions)
IWall%: Function running time (including sub-functions) proportion
Excl . Wall Time (microsec): Function running time (excluding sub-functions)
EWall%: Function running time (excluding sub-functions)
You can also see the [View Full Callgraph] link on the web. After clicking it, a visual performance analysis graph can be drawn. If an error is reported after clicking, it may be due to a lack of dependency on graphviz. Graphviz is a graph drawing tool that allows you to view performance bottlenecks more intuitively. You can install it if necessary: ​​

yum install -y libpng
yum install -y graphviz

Effect:

Non-intrusive introduction of xhprof

Previously we implemented the analysis by adding code to the project entry file function. A more elegant way is to create an additional file xhprof.inc.php and save it in the

/work/xhprof/

directory: <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">xhprof_enable(XHPROF_FLAGS_MEMORY | XHPROF_FLAGS_CPU); register_shutdown_function(function() {     $xhprof_data = xhprof_disable();     if (function_exists('fastcgi_finish_request')){         fastcgi_finish_request();     }     include_once &quot;/work/xhprof/xhprof_lib/utils/xhprof_lib.php&quot;;     include_once &quot;/work/xhprof/xhprof_lib/utils/xhprof_runs.php&quot;;     $xhprof_runs = new XHProfRuns_Default();     $run_id = $xhprof_runs-&gt;save_run($xhprof_data, 'xhprof'); });</pre>Use the automatic loading function of PHP before executing the code Inject this file, edit php.ini:

auto_prepend_file = /work/xhprof/xhprof.inc.php

and then restart the PHP service. This will take effect for everyone using this php environment.

Or you can also write it into the nginx configuration of the specified project:

jifen.cc.conf

location ~ \.php$ {
        
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    fastcgi_param PHP_VALUE "auto_prepend_file=/work/xhprof/xhprof.inc.php";
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }

Then restart the nginx service. This only takes effect for this project.

Files included via auto_prepend_file and auto_append_file will be parsed in this mode, but there are some restrictions, such as functions must be defined before being called.

Modify the sampling frequency

By default, xhprof will run every time. If the online environment is set like this, it will have an impact on performance.

xhprof.inc.php

<?php $profiling = !(mt_rand()%9); 
if($profiling) xhprof_enable(XHPROF_FLAGS_MEMORY | XHPROF_FLAGS_CPU);
register_shutdown_function(function() use($profiling) {
    if($profiling){
        $xhprof_data = xhprof_disable();
        if (function_exists(&#39;fastcgi_finish_request&#39;)){
            fastcgi_finish_request();
        }
        include_once "/work/xhprof/xhprof_lib/utils/xhprof_lib.php";
        include_once "/work/xhprof/xhprof_lib/utils/xhprof_runs.php";
        $xhprof_runs = new XHProfRuns_Default();
        $xhprof_runs->save_run($xhprof_data, 'xhprof');    
    }
});

Summary

In this article, we introduced how to analyze PHP performance based on xhprof extension, record it in the log, and finally use The UI that comes with the xhprof extension is displayed on the web. Main knowledge points:

Install xhprof extension
Inject xhprof into the application
Based on nginx Display analysis results
The above is the entire content of this article. I hope it will be helpful to everyone’s study. For more related content, please pay attention to the PHP Chinese website!

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