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Detailed explanation of double linked list insertion sorting example of javascript data structure_javascript skills

WBOYOriginal: 2016-05-16 15:29:531204browse

The example in this article describes the implementation method of double-linked list insertion sorting in javascript data structure. Share it with everyone for your reference, the details are as follows:

Under the premise of array storage, the insertion sort algorithm, in the worst case, the previous elements need to be continuously moved backward to leave space at the insertion point for the target element to be inserted.

When switching to a linked list, there is obviously no need to do such a large amount of movement. According to the predecessor node "pointer" of each node, after finding the insertion point forward, the target value is directly removed from the original linked list, and then the target value is removed at the insertion point. Just break the linked list in two and then reconnect it with the target point.

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>双链表-插入排序</title>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
</head>
<script type="text/javascript">
  //节点类
  var Node = function (pData) {
    this.next = null; //后继“指针”
    this.prev = null; //前驱"指针"
    this.data = pData;
  }
  //单链表(约定：头节点不放内容，当哨兵位，有效元素从头节点后的第1个元素开始)
  var DbLinkList = function () {
    this.head = new Node(null); //头节点   
    //插入新元素
    this.insert = function (pNodeValue) {
      var newNode = new Node(pNodeValue);
      //如果只有头节点
      if (this.head.next == null) {
        this.head.next = newNode;
        newNode.prev = this.head;
        return;
      }
      //否则遍历找到尾节点
      var p = this.head;
      while (p.next != null) {
        p = p.next;
      }
      p.next = newNode;
      newNode.prev = p;
    }
    //获取第n个元素的数据值
    this.getData = function (index) {
      if (index < 1 || index > this.size) {
        return null;
      }
      var p = this.head;
      var i = 1;
      while (p.next != null && i <= index) {
        p = p.next;
        i += 1;
      }
      return p.data;
    }
    //取尾节点
    this.getTail = function () {
      if (this.head.next == null) {
        return null;
      }
      var p = this.head.next;
      while (p.next != null) {
        p = p.next;
      }
      return p;
    }
    //删除指定位置的元素
    this.removeAt = function (index) {
      if (index < 1 || index > this.size) {
        return null;
      }
      var p = this.head;
      var i = 1;
      //从头开始遍历，找到index位置的前一个元素
      while (p.next != null && i < index) {
        p = p.next;
        i += 1;
      }
      p.next = p.next.next; //修改index位置前一个元素的后继指针
      p.next.prev = p;
      return p.data; //返回删除元素的值    
    }
    //打印所有元素
    this.print = function () {
      document.write("<br/>");
      if (this.head.next == null) {
        return;
      }
      var p = this.head.next;
      while (p.next != null) {
        document.write(p.data + " ");
        p = p.next;
      }
      document.write(p.data + " "); //最后一个元素，需要单独打印
      document.write("<br/>");
    }
    //从后打印所有元素
    this.printFromBack = function () {
      document.write("该链表共有" + this.size + "个元素，从后向前分别为:<br/>");
      var tail = this.getTail();
      var p = tail;
      if (p == null) {
        return;
      }
      while (p.prev != null) {
        document.write(p.data + " ");
        p = p.prev;
      }
      document.write("<br/>");
    }
    //插入排序
    this.insertSort = function () {
      if (this.head.next == null || this.head.next.next == null) {
        return;
      }
      var p = this.head.next;
      while (true) {
        if (p == null) {
          return;
        }
        var t = p.prev;
        //向前查找p之前的插入点
        while (t.prev != null && t.data > p.data) {
          t = t.prev;
        }
        //如果插入点就是p的前驱节点，不用调整，
        //忽略，直接进入下一轮
        if (t.next == p) {
          p = p.next;
          continue;
        }
        //将p的后续节点先保护起来，以便下一轮循环时确定起始位置
        var x = p.next;
        //将p从链表上摘下
        if (p.next != null) {
          p.next.prev = p.prev;
        }
        p.prev.next = p.next;
        //p插入到t之后
        t.next.prev = p;
        p.next = t.next;
        t.next = p;
        p.prev = t;
        this.print(); //打印输出，调试用  
        //重新将p定位到下一轮循环的"正确"起始节点
        p = x;
      }
    }
  }
  var linkTest = new DbLinkList();
  linkTest.insert(10);
  linkTest.insert(9);
  linkTest.insert(8);
  linkTest.insert(7);
  linkTest.insert(6);
  linkTest.insert(5);
  linkTest.insert(4);
  linkTest.insert(3);
  linkTest.insert(2);
  linkTest.insert(1);
  document.write("--排序前---<br/>")
  linkTest.print();
  linkTest.insertSort();
  document.write("<br/>--排序后---<br/>")
  linkTest.print();
</script>
</html>

The running results are as follows:

 --排序前---

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 

9 10 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 

8 9 10 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 

7 8 9 10 6 5 4 3 2 1 

6 7 8 9 10 5 4 3 2 1 

5 6 7 8 9 10 4 3 2 1 

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 3 2 1 

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 1 

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 

--排序后---

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

I hope this article will be helpful to everyone in JavaScript programming.

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