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JS implements browser printing and print preview

jacklove

Jun 15, 2018 pm 04:34 PM

目前正在做浏览器端采用JS方式实现打印这么一个功能，JS打印实现的方法很多，但是兼容各个浏览器实现打印预览的功能有些棘手，现将实现的内容及遇到的问题记录下来，希望有大牛看到所提的问题后可以给予解答，在此感谢啦。

1.JS实现打印的方式

方式一：window.print()

window.print();会弹出打印对话框，打印的是window.document.body.innerHTML中的内容，下面是从网上摘到的一个局部打印的例子，该例子的不足是打印会修改页面的内容。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>局部打印案例</title>
<script type="text/javascript">   
    function doPrint() {    
        bdhtml=window.document.body.innerHTML;    
        sprnstr="<!--startprint-->";    
        eprnstr="<!--endprint-->";    
        prnhtml=bdhtml.substr(bdhtml.indexOf(sprnstr)+17);    
        prnhtml=prnhtml.substring(0,prnhtml.indexOf(eprnstr));    
        window.document.body.innerHTML=prnhtml; 
        window.print();    
}    
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p>1不需要打印的地方</p>
<p>2这里不要打印啊</p>
<!--startprint--><!--注意要加上html里star和end的这两个标记-->
<h1 id="打印标题">打印标题</h1>
<p>打印内容~~</p>
<!--endprint-->
<button type="button" onclick="doPrint()">打印</button>
<p>不打印的地方啊哈哈哈哈</p>
<p>2</p>
</body>
</html>

方式二：使用html 标签

这种方式是其只兼容IE，其他浏览器不可使用，同时IE10以下的浏览器才可以使用，调用方式如下：

<body>
	<object id="WebBrowser" classid=CLSID:8856F961-340A-11D0-A96B-00C04FD705A2 height="0" width="0"> </object>
</body>
<script>
	WebBrowser.ExecWB(1,1)  //打开 
	WebBrowser.ExecWB(2,1)  //关闭现在所有的IE窗口，并打开一个新窗口 
	WebBrowser.ExecWB(4,1)  //保存网页
	//--------------- 常用 ---------------	
	WebBrowser.ExecWB(6,1)  //打印 
	WebBrowser.ExecWB(7,1)  //打印预览 
	WebBrowser.ExecWB(8,1)  //打印页面设置 
	//-------------------------------------	
	WebBrowser.ExecWB(10,1) //查看页面属性 
	WebBrowser.ExecWB(15,1) //撤销 
	WebBrowser.ExecWB(17,1) //全选 
	WebBrowser.ExecWB(22,1) //刷新 
	WebBrowser.ExecWB(45,1) //关闭窗体无提示
</script>

这种方式优势是在IE下可以弹出打印预览，这是打印很人性化的功能，但是遗憾的是高版本的IE浏览器不支持WebBrowser了

方式三：采用document.execCommand(”print”)

该方式也兼容各个版本的浏览器，同window.print()一样，其启动的是打印对话框，chrome的打印对话框自带预览功能，但是IE、火狐仅仅只弹出打印设置对话框，没有预览功能。

方式四：采用JQuery插件

使用JQuery浏览插件可以很方便的进行局部打印，常用的插件有：

1)jquery.print.js 下载地址：https://github.com/DoersGuild/jQuery.print

2)jquery.print-preview.js 下载地址：https://github.com/etimbo/jquery-print-preview-plugin

这两种方式使用都很简单，1）通过$("#id").print(/*options*/);调用；2）通过$('#id').printArea(/*options*/); 其中的option可选项可以在下载地址下载下来后看示例代码，一般options不用传即可，示例代码如下：

<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>JQuery打印</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script>
<script language="javascript" src="./js/jquery.print.js"></script>
</head>
<body style=&#39;margin:0 auto;text-align:center;&#39;>
<button id=&#39;button_print&#39; name=&#39;button_print&#39; onclick="javascript:printit()>打印</button>
<p id=&#39;ganburenmianbaio&#39; class=WordSection1 style=&#39;width:750px;margin:0 auto;text-align:center;vertical-align: middle;&#39;>
</p>
</body>
<script language="javascript">
function printit(){
	$("#ganburenmianbaio").print({iframe:true,prepend:&#39;<br/>&#39;});
}
</script>
</html>

方式五：采用浏览器打印第三方插件

该方式需要用户浏览器安装相关的第三方插件，用户体验不好，故在此不细述了。

2.打印预览

chrome浏览器、win10自带的IE浏览器调用打印弹出的打印设置界面中包含打印预览部分，故其通过上面的打印函数的调用即可实现。

IE9以后的版本、火狐不支持webbrowser控件了，JS调用不了浏览器的打印预览的功能，我们只能用iframe模拟打印预览的对话框，将需要打印的内容显示在该对话框中，然后在调用打印的功能实现打印。

1）jquery打印预览插件

jquery.print-preview.js 下载地址：https://github.com/etimbo/jquery-print-preview-plugin

其实现的效果如下图（其自动的示例代码）

2）webbrowser控件打印预览

IE8及以下版本可以调用WebBrowser.ExecWB(7,1) 函数弹出浏览器的打印预览对话框，采用该函数的好处是用户可以在打印预览对话框中调整页边距、页眉、页脚；

下面贴出的是设置页边距、页眉、页脚的JS代码

//取得页面打印设置的原参数数据   
function PageSetup_temp(){   
    try   
	{   
	   var Wsh=new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell");   
	   HKEY_Key="header";   
		//取得页眉默认值   
	   head = Wsh.RegRead(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key);   
	   HKEY_Key="footer";   
		//取得页脚默认值   
	   foot = Wsh.RegRead(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key);   
	   HKEY_Key="margin_bottom";   
		//取得下页边距   
	   bottom = Wsh.RegRead(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key);   
	   HKEY_Key="margin_left";   
		//取得左页边距   
	   left = Wsh.RegRead(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key);   
	   HKEY_Key="margin_right";   
		//取得右页边距   
	   right = Wsh.RegRead(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key);   
	   HKEY_Key="margin_top";   
		//取得上页边距   
	   top = Wsh.RegRead(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key);   
	}   
	catch(e){   
		 //alert("不允许ActiveX控件");   
	}   
}   
  
//设置网页打印的页眉页脚和页边距，注册表里的单位是英寸，打印设置中是毫米，1英寸=25.4毫米   
function PageSetup_Null(){   
	try   
	{   
	   var Wsh=new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell");   
	   HKEY_Key="header";   
		//设置页眉（为空）   
	   Wsh.RegWrite(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key,"");   
	   HKEY_Key="footer";   
		//设置页脚（为空）   
	   Wsh.RegWrite(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key,"");   
	   HKEY_Key="margin_bottom";   
		//设置下页边距（0）   
	   Wsh.RegWrite(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key,"0.6");   
	   HKEY_Key="margin_left";   
		//设置左页边距（0）   
	   Wsh.RegWrite(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key,"0.3");   
	   HKEY_Key="margin_right";   
		//设置右页边距（0）   
	   Wsh.RegWrite(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key,"0.3");   
	   HKEY_Key="margin_top";   
		//设置上页边距（8）   
	   Wsh.RegWrite(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key,"0.6");   
	}   
	catch(e){   
		 //alert("不允许ActiveX控件");   
	}   
}   

//设置网页打印的页眉页脚和页边距为默认值   
function PageSetup_Default(){      
	try   
	{   
	   var Wsh=new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell");   
	   HKEY_Key="header";   
	   HKEY_Key="header";   
		//还原页眉   
	   Wsh.RegWrite(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key,head);   
	   HKEY_Key="footer";   
		//还原页脚   
	   Wsh.RegWrite(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key,foot);   
	   HKEY_Key="margin_bottom";   
		//还原下页边距   
	   Wsh.RegWrite(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key,bottom);   
	   HKEY_Key="margin_left";   
		//还原左页边距   
	   Wsh.RegWrite(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key,left);   
	   HKEY_Key="margin_right";   
		//还原右页边距   
	   Wsh.RegWrite(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key,right);   
	   HKEY_Key="margin_top";   
		//还原上页边距   
	   Wsh.RegWrite(HKEY_Root+HKEY_Path+HKEY_Key,top);   
	}   
	catch(e){   
		 //alert("不允许ActiveX控件");   
	}   
}

使用该函数，会弹出

通过网页修改activex安全设置，添加信任站点，禁用该弹出窗口提示，代码如下：

function activeXControl(){
		try{
		var WshShell=new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell");
		
		//添加信任站点(http://127.0.0.1)
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\ZoneMap\\Ranges\\Range100\\","");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\ZoneMap\\Ranges\\Range100\\:Range","127.0.0.1");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\ZoneMap\\Ranges\\Range100\\http","2","REG_DWORD");

		//修改IE ActiveX安全设置: 1本地Intranet区域
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\1\\1001","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\1\\1004","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\1\\1200","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\1\\1201","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\1\\1405","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\1\\2201","0","REG_DWORD");

		//修改IE ActiveX安全设置:2受信任的站点区域
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\2\\1001","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\2\\1004","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\2\\1200","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\2\\1201","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\2\\1405","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\2\\2201","0","REG_DWORD");
		
		//修改IE ActiveX安全设置:3Internet区域
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\3\\1001","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\3\\1004","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\3\\1200","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\3\\1201","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\3\\1405","0","REG_DWORD");
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\\Zones\\3\\2201","0","REG_DWORD");

		//禁用Winxp弹出窗口阻止程序
		WshShell.RegWrite("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Internet Explorer\\New Windows\\PopupMgr","no");
	}catch(e){   
		 //alert("不允许ActiveX控件");   
	}   
}

3.问题

1）网页修改activex安全设置该段代码也是必须在启用ActiveX的条件下调用成功，是需要用户在Internet的配置项中设置的(如下图），如何才能自动启用该插件？

2) chrome、火狐如何通过JS设置页边距、页眉、页脚?

3) IE高版本浏览器、火狐如何通过JS弹出浏览器自己的打印预览?

本文讲解了JS实现浏览器打印、打印预览，更多相关内容请关注php中文网。

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