About Session.php source code analysis in CI framework

这篇文章主要介绍了关于CI框架中Session.php源码分析，有着一定的参考价值，现在分享给大家，有需要的朋友可以参考一下

Session类并不使用PHP本身的session，而是使用类自己的session，这样做，可以给开发者提供更大的弹性。下面我们就来仔细分析下CI框架的Session类Session.php文件

CI的Session并不是原生的session，正是我前面所有的cookie based session,另外，CI可以根据用户选择配置是否将session存入数据库中，本人很喜欢这个功能，还有就是“闪出数据”的功能，既闪出数据只是对下次服务器请求可以，之后就会被自动清除。常见使用方法有：

$this->session->set_userdata('some_name', 'some_value'); //设置session数据

$this->session->userdata('item'); //获取session数据

$this->session->unset_userdata('some_name'); //删除session数据

$this->session->sess_destroy(); //销毁session数据

$this->session->set_flashdata('item', 'value'); //设置闪存数据

$this->session->flashdata('item'); //获取闪存数据

$this->session->keep_flashdata('item');  //保留闪存数据

/**
 * CI是 session based cookie
 */
class CI_Session {
 var $sess_encrypt_cookie  = FALSE;  //是否对session加密
 var $sess_use_database   = FALSE; //是否将session存入数据库
 var $sess_table_name   = ''; //session存入数据的表名
 var $sess_expiration   = 7200; //session的过期时间
 var $sess_expire_on_close  = FALSE; //当浏览器窗口关闭时是否自动使session过期
 var $sess_match_ip    = FALSE;//是否通过用户的IP地址来读取 session 的数据
 var $sess_match_useragent  = TRUE; //是否要按照对应的 User Agent 来读取 session 数据。
 var $sess_cookie_name   = 'ci_session'; //cookie名称
 var $cookie_prefix    = ''; //cookie前缀
 var $cookie_path    = ''; //cookie路径
 var $cookie_domain    = ''; //cookie作用域
 var $cookie_secure    = FALSE; //是否在安全的https协议下才有效
 var $sess_time_to_update  = 300; //session cookie多久更新一次
 var $encryption_key    = ''; //加密key
 var $flashdata_key    = 'flash'; 
 var $time_reference    = 'time';
 var $gc_probability    = 5;  //回收session的能力
 var $userdata     = array(); //用户session数据保存变量
 var $CI; //CI超级句柄
 var $now;  //当前时间
 public function __construct($params = array())
 {
  log_message('debug', "Session Class Initialized");
  // 获取CI超级类
  $this->CI =& get_instance();
  // 获取config文件中的配置数据
  foreach (array('sess_encrypt_cookie', 'sess_use_database', 'sess_table_name', 'sess_expiration', 'sess_expire_on_close', 'sess_match_ip', 'sess_match_useragent', 'sess_cookie_name', 'cookie_path', 'cookie_domain', 'cookie_secure', 'sess_time_to_update', 'time_reference', 'cookie_prefix', 'encryption_key') as $key)
  {
   $this->$key = (isset($params[$key])) ? $params[$key] : $this->CI->config->item($key);
  }
                //必须设置encryption_key
  if ($this->encryption_key == '')
  {
   show_error('In order to use the Session class you are required to set an encryption key in your config file.');
  }
  // 加载string helper函数
  $this->CI->load->helper('string');
  // D如果对cookie进行加密，则引入加密类
  if ($this->sess_encrypt_cookie == TRUE)
  {
   $this->CI->load->library('encrypt');
  }
  // 如果session计入数据库，则引入db
  if ($this->sess_use_database === TRUE AND $this->sess_table_name != '')
  {
   $this->CI->load->database();
  }
  // 获取当前时间
  $this->now = $this->_get_time();
  // 如果没有设置session的有效时间，默认两年
  if ($this->sess_expiration == 0)
  {
   $this->sess_expiration = (60*60*24*365*2);
  }
  // 获取cookie名称
  $this->sess_cookie_name = $this->cookie_prefix.$this->sess_cookie_name;
  // 如果session不存在，创建新会话
  if ( ! $this->sess_read())
  {
   $this->sess_create();
  }
  else
  {
   $this->sess_update();
  }
  // 闪出标记old的闪出数据
  $this->_flashdata_sweep();
                //将新的闪出数据标记成old 标记成old的数据的数据将会在下次请求时闪出
  $this->_flashdata_mark();
  //回收/删除 过期的session
  $this->_sess_gc();
  log_message('debug', "Session routines successfully run");
 }
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 读取session数据
  */
 function sess_read()
 {
  // 获取session
  $session = $this->CI->input->cookie($this->sess_cookie_name);
  // 没有session  拜拜
  if ($session === FALSE)
  {
   log_message('debug', 'A session cookie was not found.');
   return FALSE;
  }
  // 如果加密了cookie
  if ($this->sess_encrypt_cookie == TRUE)
  {
   $session = $this->CI->encrypt->decode($session);
  }
  else
  {
   // encryption was not used, so we need to check the md5 hash
   $hash  = substr($session, strlen($session)-32); // get last 32 chars
   $session = substr($session, 0, strlen($session)-32);
   // Does the md5 hash match?  This is to prevent manipulation of session data in userspace
   if ($hash !==  md5($session.$this->encryption_key))
   {
    log_message('error', 'The session cookie data did not match what was expected. This could be a possible hacking attempt.');
    $this->sess_destroy();
    return FALSE;
   }
  }
  // 反序列化存入cookie的session数组
  $session = $this->_unserialize($session);
  // 检测session的数据
  if ( ! is_array($session) OR ! isset($session['session_id']) OR ! isset($session['ip_address']) OR ! isset($session['user_agent']) OR ! isset($session['last_activity']))
  {
   $this->sess_destroy();
   return FALSE;
  }
  // session数据过期了吗
  if (($session[&#39;last_activity&#39;] + $this->sess_expiration) < $this->now)
  {
   $this->sess_destroy();
   return FALSE;
  }
  // 是否是根据用户ip来读取session数据
  if ($this->sess_match_ip == TRUE AND $session[&#39;ip_address&#39;] != $this->CI->input->ip_address())
  {
   $this->sess_destroy();
   return FALSE;
  }
  // 是否根据ua来匹配session数据
  if ($this->sess_match_useragent == TRUE AND trim($session[&#39;user_agent&#39;]) != trim(substr($this->CI->input->user_agent(), 0, 120)))
  {
   $this->sess_destroy();
   return FALSE;
  }
  // 如果session入库了，这种方式应该更安全点，当然负载大时，就不建议了，数据库读写压力大
  if ($this->sess_use_database === TRUE)
  {
   $this->CI->db->where(&#39;session_id&#39;, $session[&#39;session_id&#39;]);
   if ($this->sess_match_ip == TRUE)
   {
    $this->CI->db->where(&#39;ip_address&#39;, $session[&#39;ip_address&#39;]);
   }
   if ($this->sess_match_useragent == TRUE)
   {
    $this->CI->db->where(&#39;user_agent&#39;, $session[&#39;user_agent&#39;]);
   }
   $query = $this->CI->db->get($this->sess_table_name);
   // No result?  Kill it!
   if ($query->num_rows() == 0)
   {
    $this->sess_destroy();
    return FALSE;
   }
   // Is there custom data?  If so, add it to the main session array
   $row = $query->row();
   if (isset($row->user_data) AND $row->user_data != &#39;&#39;)
   {
    $custom_data = $this->_unserialize($row->user_data);
    if (is_array($custom_data))
    {
     foreach ($custom_data as $key => $val)
     {
      $session[$key] = $val;
     }
    }
   }
  }
  // Session is valid!
  $this->userdata = $session;
  unset($session);
  return TRUE;
 }
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 将读取的session数据写入
  */
 function sess_write()
 {
  // 是否写入db
  if ($this->sess_use_database === FALSE)
  {
   $this->_set_cookie();
   return;
  }
  // set the custom userdata, the session data we will set in a second
  $custom_userdata = $this->userdata;
  $cookie_userdata = array();
  // Before continuing, we need to determine if there is any custom data to deal with.
  // Let&#39;s determine this by removing the default indexes to see if there&#39;s anything left in the array
  // and set the session data while we&#39;re at it
  foreach (array(&#39;session_id&#39;,&#39;ip_address&#39;,&#39;user_agent&#39;,&#39;last_activity&#39;) as $val)
  {
   unset($custom_userdata[$val]);
   $cookie_userdata[$val] = $this->userdata[$val];
  }
  // Did we find any custom data?  If not, we turn the empty array into a string
  // since there&#39;s no reason to serialize and store an empty array in the DB
  if (count($custom_userdata) === 0)
  {
   $custom_userdata = &#39;&#39;;
  }
  else
  {
   // Serialize the custom data array so we can store it
   $custom_userdata = $this->_serialize($custom_userdata);
  }
  // 更新session记录
  $this->CI->db->where(&#39;session_id&#39;, $this->userdata[&#39;session_id&#39;]);
  $this->CI->db->update($this->sess_table_name, array(&#39;last_activity&#39; => $this->userdata[&#39;last_activity&#39;], &#39;user_data&#39; => $custom_userdata));
  // Write the cookie.  Notice that we manually pass the cookie data array to the
  // _set_cookie() function. Normally that function will store $this->userdata, but
  // in this case that array contains custom data, which we do not want in the cookie.
  $this->_set_cookie($cookie_userdata);
 }
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 创建一个新的session
  */
 function sess_create()
 {
                //保证sessid 安全唯一
  $sessid = &#39;&#39;;
  while (strlen($sessid) < 32)
  {
   $sessid .= mt_rand(0, mt_getrandmax());
  }
  $sessid .= $this->CI->input->ip_address();
  $this->userdata = array(
       &#39;session_id&#39; => md5(uniqid($sessid, TRUE)),
       &#39;ip_address&#39; => $this->CI->input->ip_address(),
       &#39;user_agent&#39; => substr($this->CI->input->user_agent(), 0, 120),
       &#39;last_activity&#39; => $this->now,
       &#39;user_data&#39;  => &#39;&#39;
       );
  // Save the data to the DB if needed
  if ($this->sess_use_database === TRUE)
  {
   $this->CI->db->query($this->CI->db->insert_string($this->sess_table_name, $this->userdata));
  }
  // Write the cookie
  $this->_set_cookie();
 }
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 更新session
  */
 function sess_update()
 {
  // 默认五分钟更新
  if (($this->userdata[&#39;last_activity&#39;] + $this->sess_time_to_update) >= $this->now)
  {
   return;
  }
  // Save the old session id so we know which record to
  // update in the database if we need it
  $old_sessid = $this->userdata[&#39;session_id&#39;];
  $new_sessid = &#39;&#39;;
  while (strlen($new_sessid) < 32)
  {
   $new_sessid .= mt_rand(0, mt_getrandmax());
  }
  // To make the session ID even more secure we&#39;ll combine it with the user&#39;s IP
  $new_sessid .= $this->CI->input->ip_address();
  // Turn it into a hash
  $new_sessid = md5(uniqid($new_sessid, TRUE));
  // Update the session data in the session data array
  $this->userdata[&#39;session_id&#39;] = $new_sessid;
  $this->userdata[&#39;last_activity&#39;] = $this->now;
  // _set_cookie() will handle this for us if we aren&#39;t using database sessions
  // by pushing all userdata to the cookie.
  $cookie_data = NULL;
  // 更新数据库中几率
  if ($this->sess_use_database === TRUE)
  {
   // set cookie explicitly to only have our session data
   $cookie_data = array();
   foreach (array(&#39;session_id&#39;,&#39;ip_address&#39;,&#39;user_agent&#39;,&#39;last_activity&#39;) as $val)
   {
    $cookie_data[$val] = $this->userdata[$val];
   }
   $this->CI->db->query($this->CI->db->update_string($this->sess_table_name, array(&#39;last_activity&#39; => $this->now, &#39;session_id&#39; => $new_sessid), array(&#39;session_id&#39; => $old_sessid)));
  }
  // 重新写入session
  $this->_set_cookie($cookie_data);
 }
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  *销毁当前所有session数据
  */
 function sess_destroy()
 {
  // Kill the session DB row
  if ($this->sess_use_database === TRUE && isset($this->userdata[&#39;session_id&#39;]))
  {
   $this->CI->db->where(&#39;session_id&#39;, $this->userdata[&#39;session_id&#39;]);
   $this->CI->db->delete($this->sess_table_name);
  }
  // Kill the cookie
  setcookie(
     $this->sess_cookie_name,
     addslashes(serialize(array())),
     ($this->now - 31500000),
     $this->cookie_path,
     $this->cookie_domain,
     0
    );
  // Kill session data
  $this->userdata = array();
 }
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 获取session数组指定元素的值
  */
 function userdata($item)
 {
  return ( ! isset($this->userdata[$item])) ? FALSE : $this->userdata[$item];
 }
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 获取所有session数据
  */
 function all_userdata()
 {
  return $this->userdata;
 }
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 添加和修改自定义的session数据
  */
 function set_userdata($newdata = array(), $newval = &#39;&#39;)
 {
  if (is_string($newdata))
  {
   $newdata = array($newdata => $newval);
  }
                //支持数组组合方式
  if (count($newdata) > 0)
  {
   foreach ($newdata as $key => $val)
   {
    $this->userdata[$key] = $val;
   }
  }
  $this->sess_write();
 }
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 删除session数组中的元素，
  */
 function unset_userdata($newdata = array())
 {
  if (is_string($newdata))
  {
   $newdata = array($newdata => &#39;&#39;);
  }
  if (count($newdata) > 0)
  {
   foreach ($newdata as $key => $val)
   {
    unset($this->userdata[$key]);
   }
  }
  $this->sess_write();
 }
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * Add or change flashdata, only available
  * until the next request
  *
  * @access public
  * @param mixed
  * @param string
  * @return void
  */
 function set_flashdata($newdata = array(), $newval = &#39;&#39;)
 {
  if (is_string($newdata))
  {
   $newdata = array($newdata => $newval);
  }
  if (count($newdata) > 0)
  {
   foreach ($newdata as $key => $val)
   {
    $flashdata_key = $this->flashdata_key.&#39;:new:&#39;.$key;
    $this->set_userdata($flashdata_key, $val);
   }
  }
 }
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * CI支持闪出数据也就是说 Session数据只对下次服务器请求可用,有时候如果你还想在下个请求后的请求还有效。。。
         * keep_flashdata功能就是讲持续保持闪出数据，使其在下个请求也有效
  */
 function keep_flashdata($key)
 {
                //将闪出数据标记成new
  $old_flashdata_key = $this->flashdata_key.&#39;:old:&#39;.$key;
  $value = $this->userdata($old_flashdata_key);
  $new_flashdata_key = $this->flashdata_key.&#39;:new:&#39;.$key;
  $this->set_userdata($new_flashdata_key, $value);
 }
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 获取闪出数据
  */
 function flashdata($key)
 {
  $flashdata_key = $this->flashdata_key.&#39;:old:&#39;.$key;
  return $this->userdata($flashdata_key);
 }
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 将闪出数据标记成old，以便_flashdata_sweep清除数据
  */
 function _flashdata_mark()
 {
  $userdata = $this->all_userdata();
  foreach ($userdata as $name => $value)
  {
   $parts = explode(&#39;:new:&#39;, $name);
   if (is_array($parts) && count($parts) === 2)
   {
    $new_name = $this->flashdata_key.&#39;:old:&#39;.$parts[1];
    $this->set_userdata($new_name, $value);
    $this->unset_userdata($name);
   }
  }
 }
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 将标记成old的闪出数据闪出
  */
 function _flashdata_sweep()
 {
  $userdata = $this->all_userdata();
  foreach ($userdata as $key => $value)
  {
   if (strpos($key, &#39;:old:&#39;))
   {
    $this->unset_userdata($key);
   }
  }
 }
 //获取当前时间
 function _get_time()
 {
  if (strtolower($this->time_reference) == &#39;gmt&#39;)
  {
   $now = time();
   $time = mktime(gmdate("H", $now), gmdate("i", $now), gmdate("s", $now), gmdate("m", $now), gmdate("d", $now), gmdate("Y", $now));
  }
  else
  {
   $time = time();
  }
  return $time;
 }
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 写入session cookie
  *
  */
 function _set_cookie($cookie_data = NULL)
 {
  if (is_null($cookie_data))
  {
   $cookie_data = $this->userdata;
  }
  // 序列化数组
  $cookie_data = $this->_serialize($cookie_data);
                //加密数据
  if ($this->sess_encrypt_cookie == TRUE)
  {
   $cookie_data = $this->CI->encrypt->encode($cookie_data);
  }
  else
  {
   // if encryption is not used, we provide an md5 hash to prevent userside tampering
   $cookie_data = $cookie_data.md5($cookie_data.$this->encryption_key);
  }
                //sess_expire_on_close为TRUE则，浏览器关闭，session失效
  $expire = ($this->sess_expire_on_close === TRUE) ? 0 : $this->sess_expiration + time();
  // Set the cookie
  setcookie(
     $this->sess_cookie_name,
     $cookie_data,
     $expire,
     $this->cookie_path,
     $this->cookie_domain,
     $this->cookie_secure
    );
 }
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 序列化数组
  */
 function _serialize($data)
 {
  if (is_array($data))
  {
   foreach ($data as $key => $val)
   {
    if (is_string($val))
    {
     $data[$key] = str_replace(&#39;\\&#39;, &#39;{{slash}}&#39;, $val);
    }
   }
  }
  else
  {
   if (is_string($data))
   {
    $data = str_replace(&#39;\\&#39;, &#39;{{slash}}&#39;, $data);
   }
  }
  return serialize($data);
 }
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 反序列化数组
  */
 function _unserialize($data)
 {
  $data = @unserialize(strip_slashes($data));
  if (is_array($data))
  {
   foreach ($data as $key => $val)
   {
    if (is_string($val))
    {
     $data[$key] = str_replace(&#39;{{slash}}&#39;, &#39;\\&#39;, $val);
    }
   }
   return $data;
  }
  return (is_string($data)) ? str_replace(&#39;{{slash}}&#39;, &#39;\\&#39;, $data) : $data;
 }
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 /**
  * 回收/删除数据库中失效的session信息
  */
 function _sess_gc()
 {
  if ($this->sess_use_database != TRUE)
  {
   return;
  }
  srand(time());
  if ((rand() % 100) < $this->gc_probability)
  {
   $expire = $this->now - $this->sess_expiration;
   $this->CI->db->where("last_activity < {$expire}");
   $this->CI->db->delete($this->sess_table_name);
   log_message(&#39;debug&#39;, &#39;Session garbage collection performed.&#39;);
  }
 }
}

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