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How to implement simple encryption technology in PHP

墨辰丷
墨辰丷Original
2018-06-01 14:04:182748browse

本篇文章主要介绍PHP实现简单加密技术的方法,感兴趣的朋友参考下,希望对大家有所帮助。

一、MD5加密

直接干,这里以一个登录页面为例:

<?php
require_once &#39;config/database.config.php&#39;;

$act=$_REQUEST[&#39;act&#39;];
$username=$_POST[&#39;username&#39;];
$password=md5($_POST[&#39;password&#39;]);

if ($act==&#39;reg&#39;) {
  $sql="INSERT INTO user(username,password) VALUES(&#39;{$username}&#39;,&#39;{$password}&#39;)";
  $result=mysqli_query($link, $sql);
  
  if ($result) {
    echo "Success";
    echo "<meta http-equiv=&#39;refresh&#39; content=&#39;1;url=login.html&#39;/>";
  }else {
    echo "Failure!";
    echo "<meta http-equiv=&#39;refresh&#39; content=&#39;1;url=reg.html&#39;/>";
  }
}elseif ($act==&#39;login&#39;) {
  $sql="SELECT * FROM user WHERE username=&#39;{$username}&#39; AND password=&#39;{$password}&#39;";
  $result=mysqli_query($link, $sql);
  $validate=mysqli_fetch_array($result);
  //var_dump($validate);
  if ($validate) {
    echo "success";
    echo "<meta http-equiv=&#39;refresh&#39; content=&#39;1;url=http://www.baidu.com&#39;/>";
  }else {
    echo "failure";
    echo "<meta http-equiv=&#39;refresh&#39; content=&#39;1;url=login.html&#39;/>";
  }
}

主要就是记得比对的时候也使用MD5,所以存在数据库中的时候就是密码保存的了

mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
+----+----------+----------------------------------+
| id | username | password             |
+----+----------+----------------------------------+
| 1 | 123   | d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e |
| 2 | 123   | 5e12a8f9c9e959060fdcaea165393039 |
| 3 |     | d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e |
| 4 | root   | 202cb962ac59075b964b07152d234b70 |
| 5 | root   | 0c51f0ba4316a5c844397f69effe2d01 |
+----+----------+----------------------------------+

二、Crypt加密算法

同样是一个单向加密算法,无法由密文直接得到明文密码(和MD5一样);

语法:string crypt(string $str[,string $salt]),$str为加密明文,$salt为干扰项,可以理解为椒盐噪声;

/**
 * Crypt
 */
echo crypt(&#39;shit&#39;);
echo "<hr/>";
echo crypt(&#39;shit&#39;,&#39;im&#39;);
echo "<hr/>";
if (CRYPT_EXT_DES) {
  echo crypt(&#39;shit&#39;,&#39;this is a test&#39;);
}
echo "<hr/>";
if (CRYPT_MD5) {
  echo crypt(&#39;shit&#39;,&#39;$1$this is a test$&#39;);
}

基本没什么要说的,就一点,crypt的加密有不同的加密算法,默认的是MD5加密,但是若是不给定“盐值”,每次刷新,都是不一样的结果;

然后可以指定盐值,具体参见手册,每个算法的盐值长度是不一样的,比如上述的DES和MD5,结果如下

1223b8c30a347321299611f873b449ad
$1$ed0.Ph..$fPbfhSOMLyNdtZn9krT8X/
im37cLeO/JPaQ
th12A1V7QCns.
$1$this is $Bu9FE8Y8oGnIbftjDA4ez0

DES只能取两位,而MD5取了8位;

用法上也差不多,记得输入盐值才好。

三、Sha1

同样是单向加密,不可破解(但网上的办法都是类似数据库一样的“伪暴力”破解);

与MD5的区别在于返回更长的(40位)16进制的数串(MD5是32位);

/**
 * Sha1
 */
echo "<hr/>";
echo sha1(&#39;shit&#39;);
echo "<hr/>";
echo sha1(&#39;shit&#39;,true);  
echo "<hr/>";
echo sha1(&#39;admin&#39;);

所以,一般加密保存,不要单独使用这些密码,不如这样子混合使用

echo "<hr/>";
echo sha1(sha1(&#39;admin&#39;,true));
echo "<hr/>";
echo sha1(md5(&#39;admin&#39;));

等于是加密外面又自行进行了简单的加密!!

四、URL编码加密

对地址栏信息进行加密;

双向,urlencode和urldecode;

/**
 * URL编码加密
 */

$str="this is a test";
$result=urlencode($str);
echo $result;
echo "<hr/>";
echo urldecode($result);
echo "<hr/>";
$str="login.php?username=shit&action=act%3 hape#123\\";
echo urlencode($str);
echo "<hr/>";

echo "<a href=&#39;index.php?username=shit&gender=male&#39;>Shit Login</a>";
print_r($_GET);
echo "<hr/>";
//所以地址栏进行一下编码,一方面是保密,一方面是处理特殊情况
//比如username&shit是一个整体,不编码的话,浏览器是看不出的
echo "<a href=&#39;index.php?username=username&shit&gender=male&#39;>Shit Login2</a>";
print_r($_GET);
echo "<hr/>";
$str="username&shit";
$str2="username=".urlencode($str)."&gender=".urlencode("male");
echo "<a href=&#39;index.php?".$str2."&#39;>Shit Login3</a>";
print_r($_GET);
echo "<hr/>";
//baidu example
//https://www.baidu.com/s?ie=utf8&wd=url%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E5%8A%A0%E5%AF%86&tn=87048150_dg
//search url编码

结果如下

this+is+a+test
this is a test
login.php%3Fusername%3Dshit%26action%3Dact%253+hape%23123%5C
Shit LoginArray ( [username] => username&shit [gender] => male ) 
Shit Login2Array ( [username] => username&shit [gender] => male ) 
Shit Login3Array ( [username] => username&shit [gender] => male )

所以功能就是:地址栏更加安全,不再明文传输,另一个解决特殊情况的传递

五、Base64编码加密

其实base64不是加密技术,只不过他会对data进行base64的编码,也可以看做是一种加密技术;

/**
 * Base64
 */

$data="I am king";
echo base64_encode($data);
echo "<hr/>";
echo base64_decode(base64_encode($data));
echo "<hr/>";
echo base64_encode("中文测试");
echo "<hr/>";
// echo base64_decode("R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==");
$data=file_get_contents("0.jpg");
echo base64_encode($data);

 等于说是对内容进行加密

总结

单项散列加密:得到固定长度的输出,是单向的;

对称散列加密:使用同一把密钥进行加密解密,可以相互推算;(算法简单,效率高,开销小,适合对大量数据进行加密)DES等

非对称加密技术:密钥不一样,公钥和私钥之分

以上就是本篇文的全部内容,希望能对大家的学习有所帮助。

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